陶瓷纳米纤维气凝胶材料的研究进展  

Research progress of ceramic nanofiber aerogel materials

作　　者：王雅茹 程辉 刘扬 于庆宇 姜俊博 贾爽 WANG Yaru;CHENG Hui;LIU Yang;YU Qingyu;JIANG Junbo;JIA Shuang(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Energy and Energy Storage Technology,Xinjiang Institute of Technology,Aksu,Xinjiang 843100,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆理工学院新疆新能源与储能技术重点实验室,新疆阿克苏843100 [2]中南大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《毛纺科技》2025年第4期142-151,共10页Wool Textile Journal

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01C353);新疆维吾尔自治区高校基本科研业务费科研项目(XJEDU2024P093)。

摘　　要：针对现有传统气凝胶质地较脆、力学性能差等问题,研究近年来国内外相关文献,综述陶瓷纳米纤维气凝胶的最新研究进展,系统介绍陶瓷纳米纤维气凝胶的分类、制备方法及基本特点,综合讨论不同气凝胶的结构和性能特征,阐述气凝胶结构特点对其综合性能的影响,总结其在隔热、吸附、空气过滤、生物医学等领域的应用,指出目前陶瓷纳米纤维气凝胶材料在实际应用中存在的关键问题和挑战,并对未来的多样化发展进行展望。In view of the existing problems of brittle texture and poor mechanical properties of traditional aerogels,relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years was studied,the latest research progress of ceramic nanofiber aerogels was reviewed,the classification,preparation methods and basic characteristics of ceramic nanofiber aerogels were systematically introduced,the structure and performance characteristics of different aerogels were comprehensively discussed,and the influence of structural characteristics of aerogels on their comprehensive properties was expounded.Its applications in thermal insulation,adsorption,air filtration,biomedicine and other fields are summarized.The key problems and challenges in the practical application of ceramic nanofiber aerogel materials are pointed out,and the diversified development of ceramic nanofiber aerogel materials in the future is prospected.

关 键 词：陶瓷纳米纤维 气凝胶 SiO2纤维 AL2O3纤维 ZrO2纤维 SIC纤维 

分 类 号：TS151[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计] TQ340[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]