基于矿物综合分析系统的煤中矿物嵌布类型与解离度解析  

Analysis of mineral distribution type and liberation in coal based on TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer

作　　者：杨承伟 Chengwei(China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Low-carbon Technology Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京100013 [3]中国煤科低碳技术研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2025年第2期13-23,共11页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司技术创新基金资助项目(2024ZX-01)。

摘　　要：煤的矿物组成及分布特征对煤炭的利用效率具有显著的影响,基于利用矿物综合分析系统(TIMA)技术以表征煤中矿物的嵌布类型与解离度为煤炭微观研究的重要技术手段,通过TIMA技术可实现对煤中矿物的高精度、高分辨率分析,为煤的清洁高效利用提供科学依据。通过浮选试验,采用ICP-MS、XRD、XRF、SEM-EDS等矿物学测试方法,充分运用煤地质学、地球化学、煤岩学、矿物学、选矿学等学科的理论知识,选择华北赋煤区典型化工用煤为研究对象,探讨煤中矿物质的赋存形态、嵌布类型与解离度特征的关系。根据煤中矿物的嵌布粒度、粒度均匀度、嵌布均一度和共生组合关系等特征,划分5种影响矿物解离度/脱除率的嵌布类型,并用TIMA软件计算各种矿物的解离度。煤中矿物的脱除率与解离度的关系并不能用金属矿物选矿理论的单体解离度来解释,需要同时考虑矿物单体解离度和连生体解离度。浮选后矿物的脱除效果与矿物解离度的匹配度极佳。同时也探讨不同成煤环境对煤中矿物的空间结构特征、嵌布粒度和嵌布类型的影响,从地质角度阐释矿物脱除效果的控制因素。The mineral composition and distribution characteristics in coal have a significant impact on the utilization efficiency of coal.Based on the important technical means of characterizing the distribution type and liberation of minerals in coal by using the TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer(TIMA),the high-precision and high-resolution analysis can be realized by TIMA,which provides a scientific basis for the clean and efficient utilization of coal.According to the flotation test,ICP-MS,XRD,XRF,SEM-EDS and other mineralogical test methods were used to make full use of the theoretical knowledge of coal geology,geochemistry,coal petrology,mineralogy,mineral processing and other disciplines.The typical chemical coal in the north china coal hosting area was selected as the research object,and the relationship between the occurrence form,distribution type and liberation of minerals in coal was discussed.According to the characteristics of mineral dissemination size,particle size uniformity,distribution degree and symbiosis association in coal,five kinds of mineral dissemination types which affect mineral dissociation degree were classified,and the dissociation degree of various minerals was calculated by TIMA.The relationship between the removal rate of minerals in coal and the liberation can not be explained by the single liberation degree of metal mineral processing theory.It is necessary to consider the dissociation degree of single liberation degree and the coenobium liberation degree at the same time.The matching degree between the removal effect of minerals after flotation and the liberation is excellent.At the same time,the effects of different coal-forming environments on the spatial structure characteristics,distribution particle size and type of minerals in coal are also discussed,and the control factors of mineral removal effect are explained from a geological perspective.

关 键 词：煤中矿物 矿物综合分析 嵌布类型 赋存形态 共生组合关系 解离度 脱除率 

分 类 号：P622[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]