应用表面活性剂的粉煤灰高浓度浮选脱碳工艺优化  

Optimization of high concentration flotation decarbonization process of fly ash using surfactants

作　　者：田陆峰 TIAN Lufeng(China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Low-carbon Technology Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京100013 [3]中国煤科低碳技术研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2025年第2期55-60,共6页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：煤科院科技发展基金资助项目(2023CX-II-01)。

摘　　要：为了解决粉煤灰高浓度浮选脱碳时存在的碳粒在粉煤灰中的分布不均、矿物表面能高、易团聚且浮选效率不佳的问题,应用表面活性剂的粉煤灰高浓度浮选脱碳工艺优化方法可为提高粉煤灰中碳组分的分离效率与质量提供理论支持。将粉煤灰与水进行混合以生成一定浓度的矿浆,再加入不同类型和剂量的表面活性剂,利用表面活性剂改变矿物颗粒的表面性质,通过对比不同类型的表面活性剂对高浓度粉煤灰浮选脱碳工艺进行优化,评估不同表面活性剂的性能。在测定煤样表面接触角时,当A1硬脂酸钠组的接触角为63.91°时其数值最低;在测定煤样的脱碳率和煤炭品质指数时,A2硬脂酸钠组的脱碳率为72.36%,煤炭品质指数为0.59,指数数值较高;在测定煤样的浮选效率时,A2硬脂酸钠组的浮选效率为85%,其数值较高。硬脂酸钠为阴离子表面活性剂,其对粉煤灰高浓度浮选脱碳工艺的优化效果最佳。In order to solve the problems of uneven distribution of carbon particles in fly ash,high mineral surface energy,easy agglomeration and poor flotation efficiency during high concentration flotation decarburization of fly ash,the optimization method of high concentration flotation decarburization process of fly ash using surfactant can provide theoretical support for improving the separation efficiency and quality of carbon components in fly ash.Fly ash and water were mixed to produce a certain concentration of slurry,and then different types and doses of surfactants were added.The surface properties of mineral particles were changed by surfactants.The flotation decarbonization process of high concentration fly ash was optimized by comparing different types of surfactants,and the performance of different surfactants was evaluated.When the contact angle of A1 sodium stearate group is 63.91°,the value is the lowest;when determining the decarburization rate and coal quality index of coal sample,the decarburization rate of A2 sodium stearate group is 72.36%,and the coal quality index is 0.59,which is higher;when determining the flotation efficiency of coal samples,the flotation efficiency of A2 sodium stearate group is 85%,which is higher.Sodium stearate is an anionic surfactant,which has the best effect on the optimization of high concentration flotation decarbonization process of fly ash.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 粉煤灰 浮选法 脱碳工艺 脱碳率 硬脂酸钠 接触角 煤炭品质指数 

分 类 号：X752[环境科学与工程—环境工程]