矿物废渣碳酸化封存CO_(2)研究进展  

Research progress on CO_(2) sequestration by carbonation of mineral waste residues

作　　者：汪喜和 王诗元 花超 曹亦俊 李猛[1,2,3] WANG Xihe;WANG Shiyuan;HUA Chao;CAO Yijun;LI Meng(School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Key Laboratory of Critical Metals Minerals Supernormal Enrichment and Extraction,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院,郑州450001 [2]郑州大学中原关键金属实验室,郑州450001 [3]郑州大学关键金属矿产超常富集提取教育部重点实验室,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2025年第4期1381-1401,共21页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC2908304);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52374359);河南省优势学科培育联合基金重点项目(242301420002);中原关键金属实验室资助项目(GJJSGFYQ202310)。

摘　　要：当前,全球正面临温室效应引发的多种气候风险,而CO_(2)被认为是导致温室效应的主要因素。我国政府已承诺在2030年实现“碳达峰”,并于2060年实现“碳中和”。作为矿冶大国,我国每年产生上亿吨选矿和冶金的废渣,这些工业固废是潜在的“矿化固碳”原料,可将CO_(2)以碳酸盐的固体形式进行永久储存,即实现矿冶废渣的碳酸化固定。该过程不仅有效应对了温室效应,还实现了废物资源化利用,提高了经济效益,符合我国倡导的可持续发展战略。本文综述了以几种典型矿物废渣为原料进行矿物碳酸化封存CO_(2)的研究现状,详细介绍了CO_(2)矿物碳酸化封存的原料和途径,并探讨了不同原料碳酸化的基本原理和技术路线。本文还分析了不同固碳技术路线的优缺点,并给出了合理建议,以实现矿冶废渣固碳效率和经济效益的最大化。At present,the world is facing a variety of climate risks caused by the greenhouse effect,and CO_(2) is considered to be the main factor behind it.The Chinese government has committed to achieving“carbon peak”by 2030 and“carbon neutrality”by 2060.As a mining and metallurgy powerhouse,China generates tens of millions of tons of waste from mineral processing and metallurgy each year.These industrial solid wastes are potential“carbonate mineralization”raw materials,which can permanently store CO_(2) in solid carbonate form through the process of mining and metallurgical waste carbonation.This process not only effectively addresses the greenhouse effect,but also achieves waste resource utilization and improves economic benefits,aligning with China's sustainable development strategy.This paper reviewed the current status of CO_(2) mineral carbonation using several typical mineral waste as raw materials.It provided a detailed introduction to the raw materials and methods of CO_(2) mineral carbonation,and explored the basic principles and technical routes of carbonation for different raw materials.The paper also analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of different carbon sequestration technologies and gave reasonable suggestions to maximize the CO_(2) sequestration efficiency and economic benefits of mining and metallurgical waste.

关 键 词：碳中和 碳达峰 CO_(2)封存 矿冶废渣 矿物碳酸化 

分 类 号：X756[环境科学与工程—环境工程]