网络化船舶自主航行系统安全技术研究进展  

Research progress on cybersecurity technology for networked autonomous ship navigation systems

作　　者：马勇[1,2,3,4] 胡睿蝶[1,2,3] 胡松林 赵玉蛟 MA Yong;HU RuiDie;HU SongLin;ZHAO YuJiao(State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;School of Navigation,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety,Wuhan 430063,China;Institute of Advanced Technology for Carbon Neutrality,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Information Science and Engineering,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]水路交通控制全国重点实验室,武汉理工大学,武汉430063 [2]武汉理工大学航运学院,武汉430063 [3]内河航运技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉430063 [4]国家水运安全工程技术研究中心,武汉430063 [5]南京邮电大学碳中和先进技术研究院,南京210023 [6]济南大学信息科学与工程学院,济南250022

出　　处：《中国科学:技术科学》2025年第4期698-716,共19页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:52261160383,62073251);国家重点研发计划(编号:2023YFB4302300);湖北省重点研发计划(编号:2024BCB099)资助项目。

摘　　要：网络化船舶自主航行系统是指利用先进的信息技术和自主控制技术,在无人或少人操作情况下实现船舶自主导航和远程监控管理.随着船-船、船-岸之间数字化连接日益增多,网络安全已成为水路交通领域的研究热点.为掌握船舶自主航行系统的最新发展动态和技术趋势,本文综述了其网络安全技术研究进展,并介绍了船舶自主航行系统面临的5种主要网络安全威胁:信息阻塞、时延、虚假数据、信息盗窃、权限提升.进而,本文梳理并讨论了包括网络攻击数学建模技术、网络安全态势感知技术、威胁建模与风险评估技术、网络攻击检测技术和弹性安全防御技术的网络安全对策.最后,本文分析了船舶自主航行系统在网络安全方面面临的机遇和挑战.The networked autonomous ship navigation system utilizes advanced information technology and autonomous control technology to enable ship navigation,remote monitoring,and management with minimal or no human intervention.As digital connectivity between ships and between ships and the shore continues to expand,cybersecurity has become a key research topic in the maritime transport sector.To understand the current development trends and advancements in autonomous ship navigation systems,this review summarizes the progress in cybersecurity technology research.It introduces five key cybersecurity threats related to autonomous ship navigation systems:information blocking,latency,false data,information theft,and privilege escalation.It also discusses cybersecurity countermeasures,including network attack mathematical modeling technology,cybersecurity situational awareness technology,risk collaborative assessment technology,network attack detection technology,and resilient security defense technology.Furthermore,it examines the opportunities and challenges associated with cybersecurity in autonomous ship navigation systems.

关 键 词：网络化船舶自主航行系统 网络攻击 攻击方式 安全技术 

分 类 号：U675.7[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]