RNA修饰的检测和定点干预  

Detection and site-specific editing of RNA modifications

作　　者：唐恒 邵静怡 江欣 闫卫凯 骆观正 翁小成[3,4] Heng Tang;Jingyi Shao;Xin Jiang;Weikai Yan;Guanzheng Luo;Xiaocheng Weng(Department of Neurosurgery,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation(Ministry of Education),Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes,State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol,School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中南医院神经外科,武汉430072 [2]教育部基因功能与调控重点实验室,广东省药用功能基因重点实验室,生物控制国家重点实验室,中山大学生命科学学院,广州510275 [3]武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,武汉430072 [4]武汉大学中南医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,武汉430072

出　　处：《中国科学:化学》2025年第4期761-776,共16页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(编号:2023YFC3402200);国家自然科学基金(编号:92253202,22177087,22407103)资助项目。

摘　　要：目前已识别出170多种RNA修饰,它们在控制RNA命运和基因表达等方面发挥着重要作用.本文从RNA修饰的检测和定点干预角度出发,总结了基于二代测序、纳米孔测序及特定位点的RNA修饰检测进展,以及基于CRISPR的RNA定点干预策略,包括本课题组的贡献.我们阐释了这些方法的基本原理及其对RNA修饰功能的新发现,并指出目前相关研究的不足之处及未来发展方向.最后,本文分析了RNA修饰的化学和生物特性,提出应结合新兴研究手段,从精准性、可控性和特异性等方面进行深入研究,为RNA修饰的检测和定点干预提供新的见解.More than 170 types of RNA modifications have been identified,playing crucial roles in controlling RNA fate and gene expression.This review summarizes the advancements in detecting RNA modifications through nextgeneration sequencing,nanopore sequencing,and specific site detection,as well as CRISPR-based editing strategies.We elucidate the fundamental principles of these methods and their contributions to new discoveries regarding the functions of RNA modifications.Furthermore,we identify the current limitations in related research and propose future directions for development.Finally,we analyze the chemical and biological properties of RNA modifications and suggest that emerging research techniques should be combined to conduct in-depth studies focusing on precision,controllability,and specificity,providing new insights for the detection and site-specific editing of RNA modifications.

关 键 词：RNA修饰 测序技术 定点干预技术 

分 类 号：Q522[生物学—生物化学]