金属介导的生物大分子动态修饰  

Metal-mediated dynamic modification of biomacromolecules

作　　者：曹乾 夏炜 吴超 巢晖 毛宗万 Qian Cao;Wei Xia;Chao Wu;Hui Chao;Zong-Wan Mao(MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry,School of Chemistry,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学化学学院,生物无机与合成化学教育部重点实验室,广州510006

出　　处：《中国科学:化学》2025年第4期859-876,共18页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3804502);国家自然科学基金(92353301,22293053,22371305);广东省自然科学基金(2024A1515010770,2024A1515010944)资助项目。

摘　　要：金属介导的生物大分子动态修饰参与了生物信号传导、能量转换、代谢调控等重要生理过程,是细胞赖以生存的基础,同时也在人类重大疾病的发生发展、诊断与治疗中发挥着关键的作用.一方面,金属-生物大分子的结合具有动态、多价以及立体的特征,其本身就是一种独特的生物大分子动态修饰形式,能够直接影响核酸和蛋白质的结构、构象与功能;另一方面,内源性金属离子包括锌、铁、铜等辅因子以及外源性金属及其配合物都能错综复杂地影响生物大分子的修饰图谱,致使其磷酸化、乙酰化、泛素化、糖基化、甲基化等修饰状态发生改变,进而动态地塑造细胞反应.本文综述了近年来内源金属稳态和外源金属干预介导的生物大分子动态修饰研究进展,并对其修饰机制和功能调控进行了归纳总结,希望通过本文可以对未来生物大分子动态修饰策略的发展提供新的研究基础与启发.Metal-mediated dynamic modification of biomacromolecules is involved in important physiological processes such as biological signal transduction,energy conversion,and metabolic regulation.It is the basis for cell survival and plays a crucial role in the occurrence,development,diagnosis,and treatment of major human diseases.On the one hand,the binding of metal biomolecules has dynamic,multivalent,and three-dimensional characteristics,which is a unique form of dynamic modification of biomolecules and can directly affect the structure,conformation,and function of nucleic acids and proteins;on the other hand,endogenous metal ions,including cofactors such as zinc,iron,and copper,as well as exogenous metals and their complexes,can intricately affect the modification profile of biomolecules,causing changes in their phosphorylation,acetylation,ubiquitination,glycosylation,methylation,and other modification states,thereby dynamically shaping cellular responses.This article reviews the studies on dynamic modification of biomacromolecules mediated by endogenous metal homeostasis and exogenous metal intervention in recent years,and summarizes their modification mechanisms and functional regulation.It is hoped that this article can provide new research basis and inspiration for the development of dynamic modification strategies of biomacromolecules in the future.

关 键 词：金属-生物大分子互作 表观遗传修饰 翻译后修饰 金属配合物 动态调控 

分 类 号：Q51[生物学—生物化学]