BOG再液化储罐火灾爆炸事故定量分析  

Quantitative Analysis of Fire or Explosion Accident of BOG Re-liquefaction Storage Tank

作　　者：崔淑雅 许秀丽 张恒 王一人 朵兴红[1,2,3] Cui Shuya;Xu Xiuli;Zhang Heng;Wang Yiren;Duo Xinghong(College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Qinghai University for Nationalities;Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry and Ecoenvironmental Protection in Tibetan Plateau,State Ethnic Affairs Commission;Basic Chemistry Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Qinghai University for Nationalities)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学化学与材料科学学院,810007 [2]青藏高原资源化学与生态环境保护国家民委重点实验室 [3]青海民族大学基础化学实验教学示范中心

出　　处：《油气田环境保护》2025年第2期15-21,共7页Environmental Protection of Oil & Gas Fields

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51963018);教育部“春晖计划”合作研究项目(Z2015049);青海民族大学高层次人才科研项目(2019XJG01);青海民族大学研究生创新项目(12M2024037);天津大学—青海民族大学自主创新基金合作项目(30587)。

摘　　要：通过对LNG部分气化产生的BOG再液化工艺可以减少天然气及经济损失,但储罐中储存的大量LNG,一旦泄漏会与空气混合形成爆炸性混合物,遇点火源极易发生火灾爆炸事故。因此运用道化学火灾爆炸危险指数法,通过确定物质系数(MF)、工艺单元危险系数(F_(3))、火灾爆炸危险指数(F&EI)、安全补偿系数等参数,对BOG再液化工艺中的储罐单元危险程度进行定量分析。结果表明,该储罐单元F_(3)为6.93、F&EI为146、危险等级为“很大”、暴露半径为37 m、暴露面积为4 299 m^(2);同时采取工艺控制安全补偿措施、物质隔离安全补偿措施以及防火安全补偿措施时F&EI可降至最低为74,危险等级降至“较轻”,暴露半径与暴露面积分别缩小至19 m、1 134 m^(2)。表明通过采取针对性安全补偿措施,可有效降低BOG再液化储罐单元火灾爆炸事故的危险程度与影响范围。The BOG re-liquefaction process,which recycles boil-off gas(BOG) from LNG,can reduce natural gas loss and economic damage.However,the large quantities of LNG stored in tanks,once leaked,can mix with air to form an explosive mixture,making it highly susceptible to fire and explosion accidents when exposed to an ignition source.This study employs the Dow Chemical Fire and Explosion Hazard Index Method to quantitatively assess the risk of storage tank units in the BOG re-liquefaction process by determining parameters such as the Material Factor(MF),Process Unit Hazard Factor(F_3),Fire and Explosion Hazard Index(F&EI),and Safety Compensation Factor.The results show that the storage tank unit has an F_(3) value of 6.93,an F&EI of 146,a hazard level of “Very High”,an exposure radius of 37 meters,and an exposure area of 4 299 m~2.When process control compensation measures,material isolation compensation measures,and fire prevention measures are implemented,the F&EI can be reduced to a minimum of 74,the hazard level drops to “lighter”,and the exposure radius and area are reduced to 19 meters and 1 134 m~2,respectively.These findings indicate that through targeted safety compensation measures,the risk and impact of fire and explosion accidents in the BOG reliquefaction storage tank unit can be significantly mitigated.

关 键 词：火灾爆炸事故 天然气 BOG再液化 道化学火灾爆炸危险指数法 储罐 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]