壳聚糖絮凝剂用于废弃钻井泥浆减量化处理的研究  

Research on the Reduction of Disposal Drilling Mud by Chitosan-based Flocculants

作　　者：刘念 刘彬 刘文士 张忠亮[3] 金容旭 吴雁[1] Liu Nian;Liu Bin;Liu Wenshi;Zhang Zhongliang;Jin Rongxu;Wu Yan(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University;Sichuan Shale Gas Exploration and Development Co.,Ltd.,Southwest Petroleum University;China Oilfield Services Limited)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学化学化工学院,610000 [2]四川页岩气勘探开发有限责任公司 [3]中海油田服务股份有限公司

出　　处：《油气田环境保护》2025年第2期29-34,43,共7页Environmental Protection of Oil & Gas Fields

摘　　要：在废弃钻井泥浆的减量化处理中,使用天然阳离子型高分子壳聚糖絮凝剂可在不引入其他影响滤液回用因素的条件下,实现废弃钻井泥浆的固液分离。文章以废弃钻井泥浆为研究对象,通过对壳聚糖的浓度、投加量、pH值及不同脱乙酰度(DD)和不同分子量的壳聚糖种类筛选等絮凝影响因素进行对比实验。结果表明:废弃钻井泥浆脱水性能达到最佳的条件是选用脱乙酰度为70%且分子量为1×10~6的壳聚糖,在壳聚糖浓度为1%、投加量为40 mg/gDS、pH值为7,此条件下压滤速度为104.6×10^(-5) m^(3)/(m^(2)·s),滤饼含水率为65.4%,SV_(30)为59.3%。经絮凝处理后分离出的滤液所配制的钻井液,与采用海水所配制的钻井液相比,其流变性能和滤失性能基本保持一致,认为经絮凝处理后分离出的滤液满足钻井滤液回用要求。研究结果可进一步提升废弃钻井泥浆的减量化处理效率和回收利用能力,为废弃钻井泥浆的资源化利用提供技术支撑。To achieve the reduction in waste drilling fluid volume,a natural cationic polymer chitosan flocculant is employed to accomplish solid-liquid separation of the waste drilling fluid without introducing additional factors that could affect filtrate reuse.This study takes waste drilling fluid as its research subject and conducts comparative experiments on the flocculation parameters—including chitosan concentration,dosage,pH,as well as screening for different types of chitosan with varying degrees of deacetylation (DD) and molecular weights.The results indicate that the optimal dewatering performance is achieved using chitosan with a deacetylation degree of 70% and a molecular weight of 1×10~6,at a concentration of 1%,a dosage of 40 mg/g of dry solids (DS),and at pH 7.Under these conditions,the filter press speed reaches 104.6×10~(-5) m~3/(m~2·s),the filter cake water content is 65.4%,and the SV_(30) is 59.3%.Furthermore,the drilling fluid formulated from the filtrate separated after flocculation exhibits rheological and filtration loss properties that are essentially consistent with those of drilling fluid prepared using seawater,indicating that the filtrate meets the reuse requirements for drilling fluid.These findings can further enhance the efficiency of waste drilling fluid volume reduction and recovery,thereby providing technical support for the resource utilization of waste drilling fluid.

关 键 词：废弃泥浆 壳聚糖 絮凝 脱水性能 减量化 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TE992.3[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]