微米气泡中亚微米气溶胶的净化机理研究  

Purification Mechanism of Submicron Aerosol in Microbubbles

作　　者：高佳磊 尹俊连[1] 宋煜晨 卢星铄 王德忠[1] GAO Jialei;YIN Junlian;SONG Yuchen;LU Xingshuo;WANG Dezhong(Key Laboratory of Nuclear Power System and Equipment of Ministry of Education,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;School of Nuclear Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学核动力系统与装备教育部重点实验室,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学核科学与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2025年第4期867-873,共7页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52206203,52276158)。

摘　　要：池式鼓泡过滤广泛应用于反应堆严重事故下的放射性气溶胶滞留。现有池式洗涤中主要使用毫米量级气泡,对亚微米气溶胶去除效果差。本文以亚微米尺寸气溶胶的净化为背景,提出了基于微气泡生成的气溶胶净化方法,通过实验研究了装置对单一粒径的亚微米气溶胶及日常空气气溶胶的整体净化效率。结果表明,该实验装置能够在8%含气率条件下生成直径分布在22~220μm范围的微气泡,对1μm以上的微米气溶胶有100%的净化效率,而对1μm以下的亚微米气溶胶具有99.4%的总净化效率。The development of nuclear power is a critical component of the national energy strategy.However,across various stages of the nuclear power industry chain,radioactive aerosols that can enter the human body and cause internal exposure are widespread.Studies have shown that the threat posed by these aerosols to human health is inversely proportional to their particle size,with submicron-sized radioactive aerosols being the most hazardous.Due to limitations in previous detection technologies,the research and attention paid to such aerosols have been insufficient.Currently,pool scrubbing filtration technology is widely used in nuclear facilities to retain radioactive aerosols.This technology primarily generates millimeter-sized bubbles,which are less effective in purifying submicron aerosols in certain ranges,with purification efficiency as low as 20%.This presents significant safety risks,necessitating urgent research and improvement in more efficient purification methods.Based on the literature research,the smaller the bubble size,the better its retention effect on aerosols.Analyzing the behavior of bubbles of various sizes in water,micro-nano bubbles have the characteristics of stability,slow rising speed,and high mass transfer efficiency,which can be used to optimize the purification effect of traditional bubble washing.With the purification of sub-micrometer-sized aerosols as the background,this article proposed an aerosol purification method based on the generation of microbubbles.Based on the principles of hydrodynamic cavitation and turbulent fragmentation,a Venturi micro-nano bubble generator was used to produce micro-nano bubbles and generate negative pressure to aerosols.Heterogeneous condensation technology and ultrasonic atomization methods were used to generate nano and micrometer-sized aerosols.An integrated aerosol purification device was constructed,including a cylindrical water tank,a micro-nano bubble generator,an aerosol generator,a dust particle counter,and an air purification chamber.The size of

关 键 词：池式洗涤 微纳气泡 放射性气溶胶 净化效率 净化机理 

分 类 号：TL334[核科学技术—核技术及应用]