全国性单项体育协会管理体制:演进逻辑、关键问题与改革取向  

The Management System of National Single-Sport Associations:Evolutionary Logic,Key Issues and Reform Orientation

作　　者：王志文 张瑞林 WANG Zhiwen;ZHANG Ruilin(Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学,北京100875

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2025年第4期69-76,共8页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2024M750211);国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20230265);国家体育总局决策咨询研究重大项目(2024-A-02)。

摘　　要：管理体制是全国性单项体育协会改革的重点与难点。全国性单项体育协会管理体制历经政会同构的行政型、“中心+协会”的事业型和深化改革下的混合型3个阶段,体现为体育社会化改革、强制性制度变迁、管理职责分权、利益动态平衡的逻辑。进一步深化改革需处理好:适应新型举国体制、契合组织特殊属性、平衡放权与监管尺度、理清协会与中心关系和用好枢纽型组织五大问题。立足体育改革新形势,根据国家任务重要度与行业资源集聚度,分类提出协会管理体制的组织架构。国家任务-资源富有型协会应完善中心与协会协同共治模式,国家任务-资源贫乏型协会应健全中心管与协会办模式,常规任务-资源富有型协会应构建中心专职监管协会模式,常规任务-资源贫乏型协会应探索独立负责模式。The management system is the key and difficult point in the reform of national singlesport associations.The management system of national single-sport associations has undergone three stages:the administrative model of government-association integration,the public institution model of center-plus-association,and the mixed model under deepening reforms.These stages reflect the logic of sports socialization reform,compulsory institutional change,decentralization of management responsibilities,and dynamic balance of interests.Further reforms need to address five major issues:adapting to the new national system,aligning with the unique characteristics of organizations,balancing the scale of decentralization and oversight,clarifying the relationship between associations and centers,and effectively utilizing hub organizations.In light of the recent developments in sports reform,and taking into account the significance of national objectives and the consolidation of industry resources,a categorized organizational structure for the association management system is proposed.For national task-oriented,resourcerich associations,a collaborative governance model between centers and associations should be established.For national task-oriented,resource-poor associations,a model of center management and association operation should be optimized.For routine task-oriented,resource-rich associations,a specialized management system for associations within centers should be constructed.For routine task-oriented,resource-poor associations,an independent responsibility system should be explored.

关 键 词：体育管理 全国性单项体育协会 管理体制 体育改革 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]