《远大前程》中维多利亚时代自助神话的幻灭  

Disillusionment of Self-Help Mythology in Great Expectations

作　　者：王一帆 WANG Yifan(School of International Studies,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou Zhejiang,311100,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学外国语学院,浙江杭州311100

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2025年第11期1-5,共5页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

摘　　要：该文通过分析主人公匹普、赫伯特·朴凯特及罪犯马格维奇三位核心角色的命运轨迹,展现了资本秩序下“成功”叙事的结构性矛盾。匹普的阶级跃升遵循自助范式,却导向精神异化,揭露斯迈尔斯理论的道德空洞;马格维奇通过殖民经济积累财富的尝试,最终以“流通伪钞”的罪名宣告失败,暗示毅力在剥削体系中的破坏性异化;而赫伯特的“成功”实则依赖匹普的秘密资助与郝薇香小姐的资本馈赠,其“乐观勤勉”的毅力表演本质是特权转移的偶然产物。狄更斯通过三重叙事脉络,揭示了维多利亚时代自助神话的虚幻本质,对塞缪尔·斯迈尔斯《自助》中宣扬的成功学理念进行了批判性解构。By analyzing the trajectories of the three central characters—Pip,Herbert Pocket,and the convict Magwitch—this paper explores the structural contradictions within the narrative of"success"under the capitalist order.Pip's upward social mobility follows the self-help paradigm but ultimately leads to spiritual alienation,exposing the moral emptiness of Smilesian theory.Magwitch's attempt to accumulate wealth through colonial economy ends in failure under the charge of"circulating counterfeit currency",implying the destructive alienation of perseverance within an exploitative system.Herbert's"success",in reality,relies on Pip's secret financial support and Miss Havisham's capital gifts,revealing that his performance of"optimistic diligence"is essentially a product of the accidental transfer of privilege.Through these three narrative threads,Dickens critiques the illusory nature of the Victorian self-help myth,offering a critical deconstruction of the success ideology promoted by Samuel Smiles in Self-Help.

关 键 词：狄更斯 《远大前程》 《自助》 “进步”话语 社会流动 绅士 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]