8份籼型水稻恢复系主要农艺性状的配合力及遗传参数分析  

Analysis of Combining Ability and Genetic Parameters of Main Agronomic Traits of Eight Indica Rice Restorer Lines

作　　者：苏锐 邹梦思 黎江凤 罗靖凯 李婷[1] 宋子健 唐文帮 张桂莲[1] SU Rui;ZOU Mengsi;LI Jiangfeng;LUO Jingkai;LI Ting;SONG Zijian;TANG Wenbang;ZHANG Guilian(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2025年第2期8-14,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31871599);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30350);湖南省科技重大专项(2023NK1010)。

摘　　要：以8份籼型恢复系及对照9311为父本,3份不育系为母本,按不完全双列杂交试验设计配制27个杂交组合,对其进行农艺性状的配合力及遗传参数分析。结果表明,8W1486、8W1484、8W227、R1576表现出较高的GCA效应值,配合力好,有利于培育出产量高的组合;展998S/8W1484与卓234S/8W1486的单株产量SCA效应值高,且单株产量的表型值也高,具有较好的产量优势;亲本一般配合力和组合特殊配合力之间无明显的相关性;株高、穗长、每穗总粒数、结实率、单株产量的亲本GCA基因型方差贡献率大于杂交组合SCA基因型方差贡献率,主要受基因加性效应影响,单株有效穗数、千粒重的杂交组合SCA基因型方差贡献率大于亲本GCA基因型方差贡献率,主要受基因非加性效应影响;株高、单株有效穗数、穗长、每穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重、单株产量均主要受控于父本的遗传;株高、千粒重、穗长的遗传力大,在后代遗传的稳定性好,宜低世代选择;每穗总粒数、结实率的遗传力较低,宜高世代选择。因此,在育种实践中要同时兼顾高配合力亲本的选择与组合特殊配合力的筛选,才能有效利用水稻杂种优势。Using eight indica restorer lines and control 9311 as male parent and three male sterile lines as female parent,27 hybrid combinations were made according to incomplete diallel cross design,and the combining ability and genetic parameters of agronomic traits were analyzed.The results showed that 8W1486,8W1484,8W227 and R1576 exhibited high GCA effect value and good combining ability,which was conducive to developing high yield combinations.Zhan 998S/8W1484 and Zhuo 234S/8W1486 had higher SCA effect values and higher phenotypic values of yield per plant and showed better yield advantages.There was no significant correlation between general combining ability and special combining ability.The contribution rate of parental GCA genotypic variance was greater than that of SCA genotypic variance of hybrid combination in the traits of plant height,panicle length,total spikelets per panicle,seed setting rate and yield per plant,which indicates that they are mainly affected by additive effect of gene.The contribution rate of SCA genotypic variance of hybrid combination was greater than that of parental GCA genotypic variance in the traits of effective panicles per plant and 1000-grain weight,which indicates that they are mainly affected by non-additive effect of gene.Plant height,effective panicles per plant,panicle length,total spikelets per panicle,seed setting rate,1000-grain weight and yield per plant were mainly controlled by the inheritance of male parent.The heritability of plant height,1000-grain weight and panicle length was high,so the genetic stability in offspring would be good,which is suitable for low generation selection in breeding practice.The heritability of total spikelets per panicle and seed setting rate was low,so it was suitable to conduct selection in higher generation.Therefore,in breeding practice,the selection of parents with high combining ability and the screening of special combining ability of hybrid combination should be taken into account at the same time,so as to effectively utilize the he

关 键 词：杂交水稻 籼型恢复系 农艺性状 配合力 遗传参数 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311