一种适宜华南稻区水稻两用核不育系选育技术  

A Breeding Technique Suitable for Dual-purpose Genic Male Sterile Lines of Rice in South China

作　　者：王福军[1] 李曙光[1] 梁世胡[1] 顾海永[1] 黄凯 罗文永[1] 曹华盛 熊亮 陈国荣[1] 何高[1] WANG Fujun;LI Shuguang;LIANG Shihu;GU Haiyong;HUANG Kai;LUO Wenyong;CAO Huasheng;XIONG Liang;CHEN Guorong;HE Gao(Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640,China;Golden Rice Seeds Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室/农业农村部华南优质稻遗传育种重点实验室(部省共建)/广东省水稻工程实验室,广东广州510640 [2]广东省金稻种业有限公司,广东广州510640

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2025年第2期34-37,共4页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：2022年省级乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目(2022-NYP-00-005);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2022B0202060002);广东省水稻科学技术重点实验室(2023B1212060042)。

摘　　要：杂种优势是生物界普遍存在的现象,水稻杂种优势利用主要有“三系法”和“两系法”两种模式,加快“两系法”不育系(两用核不育系)纯合速度,缩短育种年限,是提高两系法杂交水稻在生产上竞争力的有效途径。通过多年实践总结,探索出了一种通过在同属华南稻区的广州和海南两地穿梭选育,并以生产上推广应用的育性转换温度低于23℃的两用核不育系作育性对照品种,既能使两用核不育材料年周期繁殖2个世代,亦能有效鉴定材料育性转换温度的育种技术。Heterosis is a universal phenomenon in the biological world.The"three-line method"and"two-line method"are two main patterns of heterosis utilization in rice.Acceleratingthe homozygous speed of the"two-line method"male sterile line(dual-purpose genic male sterile line)and shortening the breeding circle are effective ways to improve the competitiveness of the two-line hybrid rice in production.Through years of practice,a breeding technique was developed,which could not only reproduce two generations of dual-purpose genic male sterile line annually,but also effectively identify the critical sterility-inducing temperature of the sterile line by adopting the method of shuttle breeding in Guangzhou and Hainan of South China,and using the dual-purposegenic male sterile line widely-applied in production with the critical sterility-inducing temperature lower than 23℃as the control of male sterile lines.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 两用核不育系 温敏型 选育技术 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S334