三抗籼型水稻光温敏核不育系华6421S的选育及应用  

Breeding and Application of Indica Rice PTGMS Line Hua 6421S with Blast,Brown Planthopper and Bacterial Blight Resistances

作　　者：牟同敏[1] 李春海[1] 杨大兵 米甲明 熊立仲[1] MOU Tongmin;LI Chunhai;YANG Dabing;MI Jiaming;XIONG Lizhong(National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学作物遗传改良全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2025年第2期45-51,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31821005)。

摘　　要：华6421S是从华1015S/华1165S后代,通过分子标记检测和聚合Pi2、Xa23、Bph14和Bph15基因,再通过多代选择培育的籼型水稻光温敏核不育系。病区鉴定穗颈瘟发病率3级、叶瘟3级,室内苗瘟鉴定33个菌株、抗性频率94%,综合评价中抗稻瘟病。人工接种3个白叶枯病菌,病斑长度0.3~1.7 cm,综合评价抗白叶枯病。苗期褐飞虱抗性鉴定,抗性3级,综合评价抗褐飞虱。人工气候箱鉴定,在光长14.5 h、日均温23℃(夜最低温19℃,日最高温26℃)条件下,花粉不育度99.51%,自交不育度100%。在武汉自然条件下分期播种,稳定不育期62 d,从7月15日至9月15日。在武汉2018年5月10日至6月5日播种,播种到始穗82~86 d,单株有效穗数9.0个,株高80.3 cm,穗长23.5 cm,每穗颖花数140.6个。在海南陵水,2018年冬季11月20日至12月10日播种,播始历期85 d左右,单株有效穗数12.1个,株高85.1cm,穗长19.4cm,每穗颖花数147.5个,自然结实率85.28%,平均千粒重25.4g。对海南收获的稻谷进行了2a的米质分析,各指标平均值为糙米率78.4%,精米率69.0%,整精米率58.6%,垩白度2.7%,垩白粒率12.0%,粒长6.0 mm,长宽比2.7,直链淀粉含量12.9%,碱消值6.3级,胶稠度82 mm,透明度1级。2021年7月通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。已经配制出2个三抗(抗稻瘟病、抗白叶枯病、抗褐飞虱)的两系杂交稻品种和1个抗稻瘟病、抗白叶枯病的两系杂交稻品种,均通过了湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。Hua 6421S is a photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(PTGMS)line of indica rice,which was selected from the offspring of two PTGMS lines Hua 1015S and Hua 1165S and polymerized four resistance genes of Pi2,Xa23,Bph14 and Bph15 by molecular marker-assisted selection(MAS).The field identifying results showed that the incidence of both leaf blast and panicle neck blast was grade 3,and the indoor seedling blast identifying results of 33 rice blast strains showed that the resistance frequency was 94%.Three bacterial blight pathogens were inoculated artificially and the lesion length was 0.3~1.7 cm,indicating that it is resistant to bacterial blight.Identification of resistance to brown planthopper at seedling stage showed that its resistance level is grade 3,indicating it is resistant to brown planthopper.Under the conditions of light length 14.5 h and daily average temperature 23℃(night minimum temperature 19℃,daily maximum temperature 26℃)in the artificial climate chamber,the pollen sterility was 99.51%and self-fertilization sterility was 100%.The stable sterility period was 62 days from July 15 to September 15 under natural conditions in Wuhan.When seeded between May 10 and June 5,2018 in Wuhan,the growth duration from seeding to initial heading was 86~82 days,the effective panicle number per plant was 9.0,plant height was 80.3 cm,panicle length was 23.5 cm and the total spikelet number per panicle was 140.6.When seeded between November 20 and December 10,2018 at Lingshui County of Hainan Province,the growth duration from seeding to initial heading was about 85 days,The effective panicle number per plant was 12.1,plant height was 85.1 cm,panicle length was 19.4 cm,the total spikelet number per panicle was 147.5,the natural seed-setting rate was 85.28%and 1000-grain weight was 25.4 g.The grain quality of rice harvested in Hainan was tested for two years.The average value of each index was 78.4%of brown rice rate,69.0%of milled rice rate,58.6%of head rice rate,2.7%of chalkiness degree,12.0%of chalky grain ra

关 键 词：杂交水稻 光温敏核不育系 华6421S 稻瘟病抗性 白叶枯病抗性 褐飞虱抗性 分子标记选择 选育 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S334