全生育期盐胁迫对不同耐性水稻品种生理特性的影响  

Effects of Salt Stress in the Whole Growth Period on Physiological Characteristics of Rice Varieties with Different Salt Tolerances

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作  者:邹燕 刘芳禧 方畅宇 郭荟 陈威 杨宁俊 庾振宇 易镇邪[1] 屠乃美[1] 雷斌 ZOU Yan;LIU Fangxi;FANG Changyu;GUO Hui;CHEN Wei;YANG Ningjun;YU Zhenyu;YIZhenxie;TU Naimei;LEI Bin(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-alkali Tolerant Rice,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China)

机构地区:[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410125 [3]国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心,海南三亚572000

出  处:《杂交水稻》2025年第2期67-77,共11页Hybrid Rice

基  金:湖南省十大攻关技术项目(2024NK1010);湖南省科技重大专项(2018NK1010)。

摘  要:探究全生育期不同浓度盐处理对不同耐性水稻材料生理特性的影响,为水稻耐盐品种的评价和选育提供参考。以4个耐盐水稻品种(R2803、R889、1146S/R889、1146S/R2803)和1个盐敏感水稻品种(香粤农)为试验材料,设置5种不同盐浓度(0‰、1.5‰、3.0‰、4.5‰、6.0‰)处理,比较5个水稻品种在全生育期的生理特性指标的差异。结果表明,随着盐浓度的增加,各水稻品种在整个生育期的叶片外渗电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量整体呈上升趋势,叶片SPAD值呈下降趋势,叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性呈先升高后下降的趋势,而各水稻品种的理论产量及其构成因素呈下降趋势。与盐敏感水稻品种相比,耐盐水稻品种在1.5‰盐浓度下仍具有相对较高的产量,但当盐浓度在3.0‰以上时,各供试水稻品种的产量均急剧下降,甚至难以完成生命周期。盐胁迫导致水稻叶片外渗电导率、叶片SPAD值、SOD活性、POD活性、CAT活性、MDA含量及理论产量等指标变化,其中盐敏感水稻品种香粤农的变化幅度较大;耐盐水稻品种中,1146S/R889全生育期上述生理指标受盐胁迫影响最小,可以在低浓度盐渍化地区推广种植。To explore the effects of different concentrations of salt treatment in the whole growth period on the physiological characteristics of different salt-tolerant rice materials,and to provide reference for the evaluation and breeding of salt-tolerant rice varieties,four salt-tolerant rice varieties(R2803,R889,1146S/R889,1146S/R2803)and one salt-sensitive rice variety(Xiangyuenong)were used as experimental materials,and five different salt concentrations(0‰,1.5‰,3.0‰,4.5‰,6.0‰)were set up to compare the differences in physiological characteristics of five rice varieties during the whole growth period.The results indicated that as the salt concentration increased,the leaf extracellular conductivity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of all rice varieties generally showed an upward trend,while the leaf SPAD values showed a downward trend.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)in leaves increased first and then decreased,while the theoretical yield and its components of all rice varieties showed a decreasing trend.Compared with the salt-sensitive rice variety,the salt-tolerant rice varieties still had relatively high yield at 1.5‰salt concentration,but when the salt concentration was above 3.0‰,the yield of all rice varieties decreased sharply,and it was even difficult to complete the life cycle.Salt stress resulted in the changes of extracellular conductivity,SPAD values,SOD activity,POD activity,CAT activity,MDA content of rice leaves,and theoretical yield,among which the change range of salt-sensitive rice variety Xiangyuenong was larger.Among the salt-tolerant varieties,1146S/R889 was the least affected by salt stress in the above physiological indexes during the whole growth period,and could be popularized in low-concentration salinization areas.

关 键 词:水稻 盐胁迫 全生育期 生理特性 

分 类 号:S511.04[农业科学—作物学] S318

 

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