基于多指标综合评价的栽培卷叶贝母最佳采收期研究  

Study on the optimal harvest period of cultivated leaf curly fritillary based on multi-index comprehensive evaluation

作　　者：种叶敏 李巧 蔡晓洋 邓红梅 颜雨豪 唐梓枍 李敏[1] 黄勇 刘超 CHONG Yemin;LI Qiao;CAI Xiaoyang;DENG Hongmei;YAN Yuhao;TANG Ziyi;LI Min;HUANG Yong;LIU Chao(School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry,State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Sichuan Chengdu 61l137,China;Sichuan Lulin Chuan Fritillaria planting Co.Ltd.,Sichuan Liangshan 615000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学药学院/现代中药产业学院省部共建西南特色中药资源国家重点实验室,四川成都611137 [2]四川绿林川贝母种植有限公司,四川凉山彝族自治州615000

出　　处：《中药与临床》2025年第2期1-8,共8页Pharmacy and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica

摘　　要：目的:探究栽培卷叶贝母的适宜采收时间及采收阶段,对不同生长阶段和时间的栽培卷叶贝母质量差异进行比较研究。方法:利用HPLC-ELSD方法建立单体生物碱成分的特征图谱,对四川省冕宁县栽培的卷叶贝母在6~8月每间隔10 d进行9次采样,对其相似性和差异性进行分析,并检测不同采收时期栽培卷叶贝母药材的折干率、淀粉、总生物碱等含量,对栽培卷叶贝母外观性状、内在质量进行综合评价。结果:“树儿子”期及“灯笼花”期的药材折干率以7月底和8月为最高,两者的药材性状均从7月下旬变差,浸出物含量以8月最高,总生物碱表现出随采收时间延长含量下降的规律,总淀粉含量以6月药材含量最高,同时“树儿子”期总生物碱含量高于“灯笼花”期,在单体生物碱特征图谱方面呈现采收日期靠近相似度越高、采收时间延长相似度降低的趋势,各生物碱成分含量发生变化。结论:根据《中国药典》2020年版川贝母药材要求与质量测定结果,四川冕宁县栽培的卷叶贝母适宜采收阶段为“树儿子”期,最佳采收时间为6月份,最晚不可超过7月中旬。Objective:A comparative study on the influence of suitable harvest time and harvest stage on quality differences of cultivated Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don were carried out.Methods:HPLC-ELSD method was used to establish a characteristic chromatogram of the monoterpenoid alkaloid components of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don.Nine samples of cultivated Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don in Mianning County,Sichuan Province were collected every 10 days from June to August for a total of 9 times.The similarity and difference were analyzed,and the moisture content,starch,total alkaloid content and other quality indicators of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don were detected at different harvesting periods.The comprehensive evaluation of the appearance and quality of cultivated Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don was carried out.Results:The results showed that the drying rate of medicinal materials in the Shuerzi stage and the“Denglonghua”stage was the highest in late July and August.The properties of both medicinal materials became worse from late July,and the content of extract was the highest in August.The content of total alkaloids decreased with the extension of harvest time.The content of total starch was the highest in June,and the content of total alkaloids in the“Shuerzi”stage was higher than that in the“Denglonghua”stage.In terms of the characteristic chromatogram of monomer alkaloids,the higher the similarity was closely related to the collection date with the and the changed content of each alkaloid component.Conclusion:According to the requirements and quality determination results of Fritillaria cirrhosa bulbus in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the suitable harvest period of Fritillaria cirrhosa a D.Don cultivated in Mianning County,Sichuan Province is“Shuerzi”stage.The best harvest time is June,and it cannot exceed the middle of July at the latest.

关 键 词：栽培卷叶贝母 采收期 采收阶段 生物碱 特征图谱 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]