不同海拔高寒草甸土壤细菌多样性特征及影响因素研究  

Study on the Variation of Bacterial Communities in Alpine Meadow Soils along an Altitudinal Gradient and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：戢爽 吴昊坤 张绍雄 谢惠春[2,3,4] JI Shuang;WU Hao-kun;ZHANG Shao-xiong;XIE Hui-chun(College of Geographical Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810008,China;College of Life Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810008,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,College of Life Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810008,China;Qinghai Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station in the Southern Qilian Mountains,Huzhu,Qinghai Province 810500,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海西宁810008 [2]青海师范大学生命科学学院,青海西宁810008 [3]青海省青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [4]青海祁连山南坡森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,青海互助810500

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第4期1085-1094,共10页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：青海省青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室项目(2020-YJ-Y40);祁连山南坡森林生态系统国家定位研究站项目(国家林业局林规[2017]212号、青林规资[2018]712号、互政[2020]127号)资助。

摘　　要：为探究高寒草甸土壤细菌群落多样性沿海拔的变化规律及驱动因素,本文以青海省果洛藏族自治州海拔3300~4500 m的高寒草甸为研究对象,利用高通量测序技术,通过冗余分析探究不同海拔高寒草甸土壤细菌群落多样性的变化规律及其影响因素。结果表明,研究区不同海拔高寒草甸0~20 cm土层土壤细菌优势群落主要由放线菌门、变形菌门和酸杆菌门组成。土壤细菌多样性对沿海拔上升的具有不同的变化规律,Ace及Chao1指数沿海拔梯度上升均呈现出波动变化。就Ace及Chao1指数而言,海拔3900 m处土壤细菌多样性最高,而海拔4200 m处最低,且在海拔4200 m处土壤细菌群落组内差异性较大;海拔4500 m处与其余海拔处相比细菌群落结构差异较大,特有的物种数目丰富。土壤细菌群落结构组成及其多样性受诸多土壤理化因素的共同影响,土壤速效钾含量、土壤pH值是影响该区域土壤细菌组成及其多样性的极重要影响因子。In order to explore the changes of soil bacterial community diversity along altitude and its driving factors,this paper took the alpine meadow at the altitudes from 3300 to 4500 m in Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province as the research object,and used high-throughput sequencing technology and redundancy analysis.The results indicated that the dominant bacterial community in the 0-20 cm soil layer of alpine meadows at different altitudes in the study area was primarily composed of Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,and Acidobacteria.The diversity of soil bacteria showed varying patterns along the elevation gradient,with the Ace and Chao1 indices exhibiting fluctuating trends as altitude increases.In terms of these indices,the soilbacterial diversity was highest at an altitude of 3900 meters and lowest at 4200 meters.Furthermore,at 4200 meters,the soil bacterial community showed significant internal variability.The bacterial community structure at 4500 m above sea level was different from that at other altitudes,and the number of unique species was abundant.The composition and diversity of soil bacterial community are affected by many soil physicochemical factors.Soil available potassium content and soil pH are the most important factors affecting the composition and diversity of soil bacteria in this region.In the subsequent scientific management of alpine meadow,it is necessary to pay attention to the changes of soil pH value and soil nutrients and to avoid soil nutrient loss as much as possible.The research results can provide references for further exploring the responses of soil bacterial community to environmental changes and maintaining the stability of alpine ecosystem.

关 键 词：土壤细菌 群落多样性 高寒草甸 海拔 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]