人工生草对干热河谷区芒果园杂草多样性和群落结构的影响  

Effects of Artificial Grasses on Weed Diversity and Community Structure of Mango Orchard in Dry-Hot Valley Area

作　　者：耿沙 张钦 段春芳[1] 车彬 沈正松 熊贤坤[1] 严炜[1] 刘倩[1] GENG Sha;ZHANG Qin;DUAN Chun-fang;CHE Bin;SHEN Zheng-song;XIONG Xian-kun;YAN Wei;LIU Qian(Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan,Yunnan Province 678000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山678000

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第4期1228-1238,共11页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：云南省科技厅重大科技专项计划项目(202302AE090008);云南省科技厅创新引导与科技型企业培育计划项目(202304BU090007);保山市科技计划项目(2022zc04)资助。

摘　　要：为分析人工生草对芒果园杂草多样性和群落结构的影响,本研究选用柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis)、穗序木蓝(Indigofera hendecaphylla)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、红三叶(Trifolium pratense)和大翼豆(Macroptilium lathyroides)等5个豆科草种作为试验组在芒果园进行生草试验,以自然生草芒果园为对照,研究人工生草对芒果园杂草的生态位、多样性、群落结构相似性及功能群的影响。结果表明:与自然生草相比,5种人工生草模式均能降低芒果园的杂草生物量、物种数、个体数和ACE估计值(Abundance-based Coverage Estimator),提高干热河谷区的芒果园杂草多样性。人工生草影响了芒果园的杂草生态位宽度和重叠度,改变果园杂草的生态位、功能群和群落结构,增加果园的生态稳定性。在5种人工生草模式中,穗序木蓝生草芒果园具有较高的杂草多样性和较低的杂草生物量,是干热河谷区芒果园最理想的杂草管理模式。To analyze the effects of artificial grass on weed diversity and community structure in Mango orchard,five leguminous grasses,Stylosanthes guianensis,Indigofera hendecaphylla,Medicago sativa,Trifolium pratense and Macroptilium lathyroides,were used to carry out grassing experiments in Mango orchard,and natural grass treatment in Mango orchard was used as control.The effects of artificial grass on the niche,diversity,community structure similarity and functional groups of weeds in Mango orchard were studied.The results indicated that,compared to natural grass cover,all five artificial grassing models effectively reduced the biomass,species count,individual count,and ACE(Abundance-based Coverage Estimator)values of weeds in mango orchard,while enhancing the weed diversity in the dry-hot valley regions.The introduction of artificial grassing impacted the niche breadth and overlap of weeds in Mango orchard,altering their ecological niches,functional groups,and community structures,and increased the ecological stability of the orchards.Among the five artificial grassing models,the Indigofera hendecaphylla grassing model exhibited higher weed diversity and lower weed biomass,making it the most ideal weed management strategy for mango orchard in the dry-hot valley region.

关 键 词：果园生草 芒果园 杂草多样性 群落结构 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]