菌糠中高效纤维素分解菌的筛选、鉴定及生物效应研究  

Screening,Identification and Biological Effects of High-Efficiency Cellulose Degrading Bacteria in Mushroom Bran

作　　者：邓壹铭 卿逸 龚家伟 叶小菠 廖雅情 刘鹏 姜立春[1] DENG Yi-ming;QING Yi;GONG Jia-wei;YE Xiao-bo;LIAO Ya-qing;LIU Peng;JIANG Li-chun(School of Life Science and Technology,Mianyang Teachers'College,Mianyang,Sichuan Province 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院生命科学与技术学院,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第4期1316-1326,共11页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(2023NSFSC0206);四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州应用技术研究与开发资金(19YYJSYJ0031)资助。

摘　　要：为筛选出高效纤维素降解菌株,通过刚果红染色法培养基测定菌株透明圈大小;采用DNS法测定羧甲基纤维素酶和滤纸酶活力,基于秸秆降解试验测定菌株对玉米秸秆的降解效果,并通过模拟盆栽试验探究对小麦生长的影响。结果表明,从菌糠中筛选得到1株能高效降解纤维素的菌株JK-5,通过16S rRNA序列分析鉴定为纤维单胞菌属,命名为Cellulomonas sp.JK-5;经单因素试验与响应面法优化后的羧甲基纤维素酶活可达228.16 U·mL^(-1);秸秆降解15 d后测得玉米秸秆失重率、半纤维素降解率以及纤维素降解率分别为60.09%,52.63%,49.30%。菌株JK-5处理玉米秸秆栽培的小麦叶片叶绿素含量显著高于对照组,可促进小麦生长。因此,该菌株可作为降解农业废弃物的优质微生物资源,为快速降解玉米秸秆提供了试验依据。To screen high efficient cellulose degrading strains,the size of the transparent circle of the strains was determined using Congo red staining method.The activity of carboxymethyl cellulose and filter paper was measured using DNS method,and the degradation effect of bacterial strains on corn straw was determined based on straw degradation experiments.The impact on wheat growth was investigated by simulated pot experiments.The results showed that a strain JK-5 capable of efficiently degrading cellulose was screened from mushroom bran,identified as a member of the genus Cellulomonas based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis,and named as Cellulomonas sp.JK-5.After single factor testing and response surface methodology optimization,the carboxymethyl activity could reach 228.16 U·mL^(-1).After 15 days of straw degradation,the weight loss rate,hemicellulose degradation rate,and cellulose degradation rate of corn straw were measured to be 60.09%,52.63%,and 49.30%,respectively.The chlorophyll content in wheat leaves cultivated with corn stover treated with strain JK-5 was significantly higher than that of the control group,indicating a positive effect on wheat growth.This strain can serve as a high-quality microbial resource for degrading agricultural waste,and provide experimental evidence for the rapid degradation of corn stover.

关 键 词：菌糠 纤维素分解菌 响应面优化 降解效果 生物效应 

分 类 号：S816.3[农业科学—饲料科学]