骨髓间充质干细胞移植对糖尿病相关并发症治疗作用的研究进展  

Research progress of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of diabetes related complications

作　　者：廖一飞 张宇 明江[2] 廖益东 LIAO Yifei;ZHANG Yu;MING Jiang;LIAO Yidong(Department of Imaging,the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004,China;Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 561113,China;Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery,the First People’s Hospital of Guiyang,Guiyang,Guizhou 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学附属医院影像科,贵阳550004 [2]贵州医科大学,贵阳561113 [3]贵阳市第一人民医院胸心外科,贵阳550002

出　　处：《重庆医学》2025年第4期960-965,共6页Chongqing Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81901173,82060230)。

摘　　要：糖尿病(DM)是由于胰岛素抵抗伴生成障碍或缺乏导致糖代谢紊乱引起的内分泌疾病。常规治疗DM的药物对于其并发症的疗效有限,并存在许多药物的局限性,因此寻找创新、高效的治疗手段迫在眉睫。骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)具有多项分化潜能,并能减轻胰岛素抵抗、促进微血管修复、改善氧化应激和抑制纤维化,还可转移至脾脏调节体内的免疫微环境和移植健康线粒体恢复受损细胞功能等特性,对治疗DM并发症具有重要意义。该文就目前MSCs对DM引发的各类并发症的治疗及病理生理机制进行简要综述,有望为今后DM的临床治疗提供参考和理论依据。Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a systemic endocrine disease associated with a disorder or deficiency of glucose metabolism caused by the obstruction or lack of insulin resistance.Conventional drugs for the treatment of DM have limited efficacy for its complications,and there are many drugs side effects,so it is urgent to find innovative and efficient treatment methods.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have multiple differentiation potentials,can reduce insulin resistance,promote microvascular repair,improve oxidative stress and inhibit fibrosis,and can also regulate the immune microenvironment in the body.They can also be transferred to the spleen to regulate the immune microenvironment in vivo and transplant healthy mitochondria to restore the function of damaged cells,among other properties,which hold great promise for the treatment of DM complications.This article briefly reviews the current treatment and pathophysiological mechanisms of MSCs on various complications caused by DM,which is expected to provide a reference and theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of DM in the future.

关 键 词：骨髓间充质干细胞 免疫调控 隧道纳米管道 糖尿病心肌病 糖尿病肾病 糖尿病视网膜病变 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]