帝国统治的“终止符”:元代后期诗人的灾害书写  

The Terminator of Imperial Rule: The Disaster Writing of Poets in the Late Yuan Dynasty

作　　者：刘伟楠 LIU Wei-nan(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215021)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学文学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《汕头大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2024年第9期67-76,95,96,共12页Journal of Shantou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：元末自然灾害极其严重,后期诗人的灾害书写在此背景下掀起创作高潮,灾害诗歌作品数量远超之前任何一个时期。元末灾害书写特点主要表现在创作群体开始下沉,诗人多避难隐居乡里,发出在野者的呼声;与此同时,大量少数民族诗人涌现,以独特的民族视角参与到灾害写作中来,丰富了元代诗坛的灾害书写。从元代后期的灾害诗歌作品能够鲜明地感受到一代文人在乱世中所表现出来的末世心态,他们面对元末不断显现的社会问题既有深刻的洞察,也有尖锐的批判;在战乱与灾害的相互交织下,既充满末世即将来临的强烈预感,也饱含对国家前途命运的美好祈盼。在“铁崖体”的影响下,元末诗人通过诗歌形式的转变、奇特诗歌意象的运用以及多样化的诗歌风格,使这一时期的灾害书写呈现出鲜明的艺术特点。The natural disasters at the end of the Yuan Dynasty were extremely severe,and later poets’disaster writing had a creative peak in this context,with a much larger number of disaster poetry works than any previous period.The main features of the disaster writing in the late Yuan Dynasty are reflected in the fact that the creative group began to sink,and poets often fled to rural areas to voice the cries of those in exile;at the same time,the emergence of a large number of ethnic minority poets participated in disaster writing with a unique ethnic perspective,enriching the disaster writing of the Yuan poetry circle.From the disaster poetry works of the late Yuan Dynasty,we can feel the end-of-the-world mentality of a generation of literati in the turbulent times,who have both profound insights into the emerging social problems of the Yuan Dynasty and sharp criticism;in the intertwining of war and disaster,they have a strong sense of the imminent end of the world and a beautiful aspiration for the future of the country.Under the influence of the“Tieya Style”,poets in the late Yuan Dynasty made the disaster writing of this period distinctive in artistic features by transforming the form of poetry,using strange poetic images,and adopting diverse styles of poetry.

关 键 词：元后期 灾害书写 创作群体 文人心态 诗歌风格 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] K247[历史地理—历史学]