小胶质细胞介导全身麻醉药物影响术后认知功能的研究进展  

Progress on the impact of microglia-mediated systemic anesthetic drugs on postoperative cognitive function

作　　者：周海娇 张惟惟 仇灵琴[1] ZHOU Haijiao;ZHANG Weiwei;QIU Lingqin(Department of Anesthesiology,Gansu Provincial Hospital,Lanzhou,Gansu 730001,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省人民医院麻醉科,甘肃兰州730001

出　　处：《医药前沿》2025年第13期34-39,共6页Journal of Frontiers of Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(22JR11RA260)。

摘　　要：术后认知功能障碍(POCD)表现为手术后持续超过2周的学习、记忆等认知功能损害,显著增加患者病死率,给患者家庭和社会带来沉重负担。小胶质细胞在POCD的发生和发展中发挥关键作用,可通过表面受体引发炎症反应,导致神经元功能障碍。而麻醉药物对小胶质细胞的影响可能是POCD形成的重要环节。本文通过对POCD机制的阐述、小胶质细胞在其中的作用以及常用麻醉药物对认知功能的影响进行综述,旨在为临床麻醉工作者提供客观依据,以制定个体化的用药方案。Postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)is characterized by impairment of learning,memory and other cognitive functions lasting more than 2 weeks after surgery,which significantly increases the mortality of patients and brings heavy burden to patients'families and society.Microglia play a key role in the occurrence and development of POCD,which can trigger an inflammatory response through surface receptors,leading to neuronal dysfunction.The effect of anesthetic drugs on microglia may be an important link in the formation of POCD.In this paper,the mechanism of POCD,the role of microglia in POCD and the effects of common anesthesia drugs on cognitive function were reviewed,aiming to provide objective basis for clinical anesthesiologists to formulate individualized medication regimen.

关 键 词：围手术期认知功能障碍 术后认知功能障碍 小胶质细胞 全身麻醉药 神经炎症 综述 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]