危废焚烧发电工程中汽轮机选型分析  

Selection Analysis of Steam Turbines in Hazardous Waste Incineration Power Generation Projects

作　　者：王碧霄 WANG Bixiao(Northwest China Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Jiang'an Branch,Tianjin 300350)

机构地区：[1]中国市政工程西北设计研究院有限公司江岸分公司,天津300350

出　　处：《中国科技纵横》2025年第5期23-25,共3页China Science & Technology Overview

摘　　要：危废焚烧过程中,受燃料热值波动(6~18MJ/kg)及蒸汽参数不稳定的影响,传统汽轮机选型原则难以适应动态工况。本文通过理论分析与案例实证,系统对比凝汽式、背压式、抽汽式汽轮机的技术经济性,总结汽轮机的选型原则,提出基于蒸汽参数适配性、能效最大化及全生命周期成本优化的选型策略。研究结果表明,抽汽凝汽式汽轮机在多数场景下可以实现灵活调节与高能效协同,为提高余热蒸汽的利用率,降低能源浪费,实现危废焚烧系统的高效运行提供了科学依据。In hazardous waste incineration processes,traditional steam turbine selection principles struggle to adapt to dynamic operating conditions due to fluctuations in fuel calorific value(6–18 MJ/kg)and unstable steam parameters.Through theoretical analysis and case studies,this paper systematically compares the technical and economic performance of condensing,back-pressure,and extraction steam turbines.It summarizes selection principles and proposes a strategy based on steam parameter adaptability,energy efficiency maximization,and lifecycle cost optimization.The study demonstrates that extraction-condensing steam turbines achieve flexible regulation and high energy efficiency in most scenarios,providing a scientific basis for improving waste heat steam utilization,reducing energy waste,and enhancing the operational efficiency of hazardous waste incineration systems.

关 键 词：危废焚烧 发电 汽轮机 选型分析 经济技术分析 能源效率 

分 类 号：TK115[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]