脑卒中合并偏瘫患者PI的影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors of PI in stroke patients with hemiplegia

作　　者：李莹莹 LI Yingying(Department of Neurology,The Second People's Hospital of Pingdingshan City,Pingdingshan,Henan,467002,China)

机构地区：[1]平顶山市第二人民医院神经内二科,河南平顶山467002

出　　处：《新疆医学》2025年第3期337-340,344,共5页Xinjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析脑卒中合并偏瘫患者压力性损伤(Pressure Injury,PI)的发生特点及影响因素。方法回顾性分析2021.6—2023.6本院收治的187例脑卒中合并偏瘫患者临床资料,根据患者是否发生PI分为发生PI组38例和未发生PI组149例,选择Logistic回归分析收集到的两组患者PI的发生特点并探究其相关影响因素。结果38例患者发生PI(20.32%),以骶尾部、髋部和足跟部最为常见,PI分期中1期发生例数20例,占比最高(52.63%)。两组在糖尿病、低蛋白血症、大小便失禁、卧床时间、使用医疗器械及使用预防性敷料、气垫床等方面存在显著差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归方程分析发现上述因素均是影响脑卒中合并偏瘫患者发生PI的主要因素。结论脑卒中合并偏瘫患者1期PI占比最高,以骶尾部、髋部和足跟部最为常见。糖尿病、低蛋白血症、大小便失禁、卧床时间≥1个月、使用医疗器械均可增加脑卒中合并偏瘫患者PI的发生风险,适时使用预防性敷料、气垫床等措施可预防脑卒中合并偏瘫患者PI的发生。Objective To analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of pressure injuries(PI)in stroke patients with hemiplegia.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 187 stroke patients with hemiplegia admitted to our hospital between June 2021 and June 2023.Based on whether patients developed pressure injuries(PI),they were divided into a PI group(n=38)and a non-PI group(n=149).Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the characteristics and related influencing factors of PI occurrence in the two groups of patients.Results A total of 38 patients developed pressure injuries(20.32%),with the sacrococcygeal,hip,and heel areas being the most common sites.Among the stages of pressure injuries,stage 1 had the highest occurrence,with 20 cases(52.63%).There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of diabetes,hypoproteinemia,urinary and fecal incontinence,duration of bed rest,use of medical devices,and the use of preventive dressings and air mattresses(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that these factors are major influences on the occurrence of pressure injuries in stroke patients with hemiplegia.Conclusion Stage 1 pressure injuries(PI)are most prevalent in stroke patients with hemiplegia,with the sacrococcygeal region,hips,and heels being the most common sites.Diabetes mellitus,hypoalbuminemia,urinary and fecal incontinence,bedridden status for≥1 month,and use of medical devices can all increase the risk of PIs in stroke patients with hemiplegia.Timely use of prophylactic dressings,air mattresses,and other measures can prevent the occurrence of PI in these patients.

关 键 词：脑卒中 偏瘫 压力性损伤 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]