扫描电子束工艺参数对42CrMo钢表面组织与性能的影响  

Effects of Process Parameters of Scanning Electron Beam on Microstructureand Surface Properties of 42CrMo Steel

作　　者：王荣[1] 徐嘉宏 魏德强[1] 王凯 WANGRong;XUJiahong;WEIDeqiang;WANGKai(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guilin University of Aerospace Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学机电工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林航天工业学院机电工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2025年第7期105-109,115,共6页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52165057);广西自然科学基金项目(2022GXNSFAA035585);桂林市重点研发计划项目(20211B032068)。

摘　　要：采用多道电子束重复扫描的方法对42CrMo钢进行表面改性处理,基于扫描电子束工艺参数对42CrMo钢表面粗糙度的影响进行研究,优化了扫描电子束工艺方案并得到了优化后其表面粗糙度、截面显微硬度和改性层组织的变化规律。结果表明,经扫描环直径10 mm,扫描次数3次,束流大小8 m A,扫描速度4 mm/s的优化方案处理后,熔融区组织为针状马氏体和板条状马氏体,热影响区组织为马氏体、渗碳体以及铁素体;42CrMo钢的表面粗糙度值从3.200μm降至0.5431μm,相较于未处理的样品表面粗糙度值降低83%;样品表面显微硬度可达855.1 HV,是基体硬度(321.2 HV)的2.7倍,随着截面深度的增加,截面显微硬度在细晶粒热影响区达到第二个峰值841.5 HV,而后硬度逐渐降低,直至降至基体硬度。The surface modification of 42CrMo steel was carried out by multi-channel electron beam repeated scanning.The effect of scanning electron beam process parameters on the surface roughness of 42CrMo steel was studied.The scanning electron beam process scheme was optimized and the changing rules of surface roughness,cross-section microhardness and microstructure of the modified layer were obtained.The results show that after the optimization treatment of scanning ring diameter 10 mm,scanning times 3 times,beam size 8 mA and scanning speed 4 mm/s,the microstructure of melting zone is acicular martensite and lath martensite,and the microstructure of HAZ is martensite,cementite and ferrite,and the surface roughness of 42CrMo steel is reduced from 3.200μm to 0.5431μm,which decreases by 83%compared with that of untreated samples.The surface microhardness of the sample can reach 855.1 HV,which is 2.7 times of the matrix hardness(321.2 HV).With the increase of the cross-section depth,the cross-section microhardness reaches the second peak 841.5 HV in the fine grain heat affected zone,and then decreases gradually until it decreases to the matrix hardness.

关 键 词：扫描电子束 重复扫描次数 显微组织 表面改性 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]