聚酰亚胺/活性炭复合材料的制备及其电化学性能  

Preparation and electrochemical properties of polyimide/activated carbon composites

作　　者：徐可昕 祝洋 徐雪 黄华波[1] XU Kexin;ZHU Yang;XU Xue;HUANG Huabo(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2025年第2期167-173,共7页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51602230)。

摘　　要：通过苝-3,4,9,10-四羧酸二酐与尿素在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的缩聚反应制得聚酰胺酸(PAA),然后将PAA与活性炭(AC)混合并进行热处理,最终获得聚酰亚胺/活性炭(PI/AC)复合材料。通过红外光谱和X射线衍射分析证实,AC不会影响PI的化学结构与排列方式。场发射扫描电子显微镜观察表明,PI/AC具有珊瑚状的三维结构,且AC颗粒均匀地分布在复合体系中。利用循环伏安、交流阻抗和恒电流充放电测试对复合材料的电化学性能进行了研究,结果表明,PI/AC复合材料在0.5 A·g^(-1)电流密度下的比电容为485 F·g^(-1),显著高于PI(368 F·g^(-1))和AC(275 F·g^(-1)),这得益于其均衡的电子/离子传导性。此外,PI/AC在1000次充放电循环后电容保持率为81.3%,显示出优异的循环稳定性。PI/AC复合电极材料可以有效激发PI与AC的协同效应,获得理想的电化学性能。Polyamide acid(PAA)was synthesized via a polycondensation reaction of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride and urea in N,N-dimethylformamide.Then,PAA was mixed with activated carbon(AC)and thermally treated to give the polyimide/activated carbon(PI/AC)composite material.Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed that AC does not affect the chemical structure and arrangement of PI.Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that PI/AC exhibits a coral-like three-dimensional structure with uniformly distributed AC particles.The electrochemical performance of the composite material was investigated using cyclic voltammetry,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests.The results showed that the specific capacitance of the PI/AC composite at a current density of 0.5 A·g^(-1) is 485 F·g^(-1),significantly higher than that of PI(368 F·g^(-1))and AC(275 F·g^(-1)).This is attributed to its balanced electron/ion conductivity.Additionally,the PI/AC composite retained 81.3%of its capacitance after 1000 charge-discharge cycles,demonstrating excellent cycling stability.This study confirmed that the PI/AC composite electrode material effectively harnesses the synergistic effects of PI and AC,achieving ideal electrochemical performance.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺 活性炭 复合电极材料 超级电容器 

分 类 号：O633[理学—高分子化学]