圆盘通孔型离心泵的内外特性分析  

Study on the Internal and External Characteristics of the Centrifugal Pump with the Impeller of Columnar Passages

作　　者：杨从新[1,2] 尤宇航 王文涛 郭艳磊 YANG Congxin;YOU Yuhang;WANG Wentao;GUO Yanlei(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050 China;Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems,Lanzhou 730050 China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]甘肃省流体机械及系统重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《西华大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期1-11,18,共12页Journal of Xihua University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51866009)。

摘　　要：为研究圆盘通孔型离心泵的性能,基于部分流泵的设计方法初步设计出比转速17的圆盘通孔型离心泵,采用分离涡(DES)湍流模型对其进行全流场高精度非定常数值模拟,分析其在不同工况下内外特性的变化规律。结果表明:在设计工况点附近,泵扬程对流量变化敏感性较弱,符合部分流泵变流恒压特性;在1.7Qd工况下泵的效率达到最大;在全工况范围内,通孔入口处均存在失速涡,且失速涡强度与流量呈负相关;通孔内压力梯度和相对速度随时间变化的波动幅度随流量增加而变大;通孔入口处、蜗壳喉部附近和扩散管内压力脉动随流量增加均呈现出先升后降的变化趋势,通孔入口处和蜗壳喉部附近压力脉动在1.7Qd工况附近达到最大,扩散管内压力脉动在1.4Qd工况附近达到最大;随着半径增加,通孔内压力脉动逐渐降低,在半径0.04 m至0.06 m范围内降低最快,最高可达55.98%。In order to investigate the performance of the centrifugal pump with the impeller of colum-nar passages,a centrifugal pump with the impeller of columnar passages with a ratio of 17 speed was pre-liminarily designed based on the design method of partial flow pump,and the high-precision unsteady nu-merical simulation of the full-flow field was carried out by the detach eddy simulation(DES)turbulence model,and the change law of the internal and external characteristics of the centrifugal pump with the im-peller of columnar passages under different working conditions was discussed.The results indicate that near the design operating point,the sensitivity of the pump head to the flow change is weak,which is in line with the variable flow and constant pressure characteristics of some flow pumps;the maximum pump efficiency is achieved at 1.7Qd condition;in the whole working range,there are stall vortices at the columnar passages inlet,and the stall vortex strength is negatively correlated with the flow rate;the fluctuation amplitude of the pressure gradient and relative velocity in the columnar passages increases with the increase of the flow;the pressure pulsation at the columnar passages inlet,near the volute throat and in the diffusion tube shows a trend of first rising and then falling with the increase of flow.That is,the pressure pulsation at the colum-nar passages entrance and near the volute throat reaches a maximum near the 1.7Qd condition,and the pres-sure pulsation in the diffusion tube reaches a maximum near the 1.4Qd condition;with the increase of the ra-dius,the pressure pulsation in the columnar passages gradually decreases,and decreases the fastest in the radius of 0.04 m to 0.06 m,up to 55.98%.

关 键 词：圆盘通孔型叶轮 数值模拟 内外特性分析 压力脉动 失速涡 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]