人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者接种乙型肝炎疫苗方案研究进展  

Advances in hepatitis B vaccination strategies for people living with HIV

作　　者：喻园园 穆礼莹 高攀 聂静敏 YU Yuanyuan;MU Liying;GAO Pan;NIE Jingmin(Department of Infectious Diseases,Ba Nan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,401320,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属巴南医院感染科,401320

出　　处：《传染病信息》2025年第2期203-207,共5页Infectious Disease Information

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合项目(2024MSXM098);巴南区科卫联合项目(BNWJ202300150)。

摘　　要：接种乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗作为预防乙肝炎病毒感染的一种有效手段,目前全球各指南均强烈推荐人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者进行乙肝疫苗的预防接种,但具体的接种方案还存在争议。通过增加单次疫苗剂量、注射频次、添加疫苗佐剂等手段,可以一定程度上增加HIV感染者对乙肝疫苗的首次应答率。但是对于不同CD4+T淋巴细胞水平的HIV感染者的乙肝疫苗接种剂量、接种频次推荐尚无确切标准,疫苗对于HIV感染者的长期保护效果与机制还需要进一步的研究。本文针对乙肝疫苗接种方案在HIV感染患者中的疗效,疫苗接种剂量和频次等特定因素在疫苗应答中的作用等进行综述。Hepatitis B vaccination serves as an effective measure for preventing hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection,and current global guidelines strongly recommend hepatitis B vaccination for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected individuals.However,specific vaccination protocols remain controversial.Approaches such as increasing single-dose vaccine amounts,injection frequencies,or adding vaccine adjuvants can enhance the initial response rate to hepatitis B vaccination among HIV-infected individuals to some extent.Nevertheless,there are no definitive standard for recommended vaccination doses and frequencies tailored to HIV-infected individuals with varying CD4*T lymphocyte levels.Additionally,the long-term protective mechanism of the vaccine for HIV-infected individuals warrant further investigation.This review comprehensively summarizies the efficacy of the hepatitis B vaccination regimen in HIV-infected patients,as well as the roles of specific factors such as vaccination dose and frequency in vaccine responsiveness.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 乙型肝炎病毒 乙肝疫苗 免疫应答 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]