1995—2021年广西铁山港湾海岸线变迁及驱动因素研究  

The Changes of the Coastline of Tieshan Bay in Guangxi from 1995 to 2021 and its Significance

作　　者：边启明 蔡海莲 樊彩健 杨帆 BIAN Qiming;CAI Hailian;FAN Caijian;YANG Fan(Beihai Ocean Centre,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beihai 536006,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou 510300,China;South China Sea Research Institute,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部北海海洋中心,广西北海536006 [2]自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [3]自然资源部南海发展研究院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海洋技术学报》2025年第2期15-23,共9页Journal of Ocean Technology

基　　金：自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室2022年度自主设立研究课题(MESTA-2022-C002)。

摘　　要：利用广西铁山港湾1995、2001、2007、2010、2015和2021年6期遥感影像结合地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)人工目视解译方法获取研究区海岸线时空分布矢量,计算研究区内各时期人工建设岸线、砂质/粉砂淤泥质岸线、养殖岸线、红树林岸线和保护区岸线等5种类型岸线的长度,通过岸线结构比和岸线强度变化指数反映岸线的时空变化特征,探索影响岸线变化的驱动因素。结果表明:1995—2021年,铁山港湾海岸线长度逐年递增,共增加了82 km。从时间上看,增速最快的年份发生在2007—2015年,共增长了48 km,占总量的58%。从岸线类型上看,1995—2002年养殖岸线增速最快,海岸线强度变化指数为15.05;1995—2002年砂质/粉砂淤泥质岸线减速最快,海岸线强度变化指数为-5.51;养殖岸线和红树林岸线分别呈先增后减和先减后增的变化趋势;保护区岸线2007—2010年经历过一次增长后基本保持稳定。综合分析,港口建设、围垦滩涂建设养殖塘等人为活动是海岸线变化的主要驱动因素。The spatial and temporal distribution vectors of coastline in the study area were obtained by using the remote sensing images of Tieshan Bay in Guangxi in 1995,2001,2007,2010,2015 and 2021 combined with GIS artificial visual interpretation method.The length of five types of coastlines,such as artificial construction coastline,sandy/silt muddy coastline,aquaculture coastline,mangrove coastline and protected area coastline,was calculated.The spatial and temporal variation characteristics of coastline were reflected by coastline structure ratio and coastline intensity change index,and the driving factors affecting coastline change were explored.The results show that the coastline length of Tieshan Bay increased year by year from 1995 to 2021,with a total increase of 82 km in 27 years.In terms of time,the fastest growth year occurred between 2007 and 2015,with a total increase of 48 km,accounting for 58%of the total.From the perspective of shoreline types,the growth rate of aquaculture shoreline was the fastest from 1995 to 2002,and the change index of shoreline intensity was 15.05.The sandy/silty muddy shoreline slowed down the fastest from 1995 to 2002,and the change index of shoreline intensity was-5.51.The aquaculture shoreline and mangrove shoreline showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing and decreasing first and then increasing respectively.The shoreline of the reserve experienced a growth spurt between 2007 and 2010 and has since remained relatively stable.According to the comprehensive analysis,human activities such as port construction,reclamation of tidal flats and construction of aquaculture ponds are the main driving factors of coastline changes.

关 键 词：铁山港湾 海岸线 岸线强度变化 人为活动 

分 类 号：P236[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]