2024年度中国大陆构造环境监测网络绝对重力仪系统偏差与观测精度分析  

Analysis on Systematic Deviation and Observation Accuracy of Absolute Gravimeters in the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China in 2024

作　　者：祝杰 韩宇飞 王嘉沛 徐欣 张新林[2] 白磊 康胜军 ZHU Jie;HAN Yufei;WANG Jiapei;XU Xin;ZHANG Xinlin;BAI Lei;KANG Shengjun(China Earthquake Networks Center,Beijing 100045,China;Institute of Seismology,China Earthquake Administration,Wuhan 430071,Hubei,China;School of Management,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100089,China;Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430077,Hubei,China;The First Geodetic Surveying Brigade of MNR,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震台网中心,北京100045 [2]中国地震局地震研究所,湖北武汉430071 [3]首都师范大学管理学院,北京100089 [4]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,湖北武汉430077 [5]自然资源部第一大地测量队,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《地震研究》2025年第4期702-711,共10页Journal of Seismological Research

基　　金：中国地震台网中心青年基金(QNJJ2024-06);地震科技星火计划攻关项目(XH23054C);中国地震局地震研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(IS202326341);国家自然科学基金(42204089).

摘　　要：随着“中国大陆构造环境监测网络”项目中绝对重力仪数量和类型的不断增加,绝对重力观测数据解算基准存在着由于不同仪器系统偏差造成的不统一,影响了时变重力数据解算的精度和准确性。为研究绝对重力仪间系统偏差,通过分析2024年度10台绝对重力仪的同址集中比测数据,采用加权最小二乘平差方法对数据进行统一解算,获得了3个测点重力标准参考值和各仪器的系统偏差,最后综合对比分析陆态网络历期比测结果。结果表明:①10台绝对重力仪的系统偏差为-3.42~4.50μGal,观测精度为0.69~3.38μGal,仪器间系统偏差在数个μGal量级;②参加2023、2024两期比测的6台仪器系统偏差的变化值与重力基准变化值的偏差为-1.31~3.69μGal,表明陆态网络观测使用绝对重力仪性能稳定,适合用于探测地震相关的微小重力变化信号;③陆态网络9期比测的绝对重力仪系统偏差全部优于5μGal,FG5、FG5X型绝对重力仪的系统偏差标准差维持在2μGal左右,而A10型绝对重力仪的系统偏差标准差最大达4.56μGal,因此各仪器的系统偏差在高精度重力测量中应予以考虑。As the number and the type of absolute gravimeters involved in the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC)continue to increase,there is inconsistency in the calculation benchmark of absolute gravity observation data due to systematic deviations of different gravimeters,which affects the precision of time-varying gravity data calculation.To study the systematic deviation between absolute gravimeters,this article analyzes the concentrated comparison data of 10 absolute gravimeters in the same location in 2024,and uses the weighted least squares adjustment method to uniformly solve the data.Three gravity standard reference values and systematic deviations of each instrument are obtained,and finally,the historical results of the terrestrial network are comprehensively compared and analyzed.Research has shown that:①The systematic deviation of 10 absolute gravimeters is in the range of-3.42-4.5μGal,the observation accuracy is in the range of 0.69-3.38μGal,and the systematic deviation between instruments is in the order ofμGal magnitude;②The deviation of the six instrument systems involved in the comparative measurements in 2023 and 2024 from the gravity reference is between-1.31μGal and 3.69μGal.The use of absolute gravimeters for terrestrial network observation has stable performance and is suitable for detecting weak signals of gravity change related to earthquakes.③The systematic deviation of all absolute gravimeters involved in 9 terms of the CMONOC measurement is better than 5μGal,and the standard deviation of the systematic deviation of gravimeter FG5 and gravimeter FG5X is keeping at around 2μGal,while the maximum standard deviation of the systematic deviation of gravimeter A10 is 4.56μGal,so the systematic deviation of each instrument should be taken into account in high-precision gravity measurement.

关 键 词：中国大陆构造环境监测网络 比测 绝对重力仪 系统偏差 

分 类 号：P315.62[天文地球—地震学]