美国“借台援非”及其失败  

The U.S."Aid to Africa through Taiwan"and Its Failure

作　　者：冯琳 Feng Lin

机构地区：[1]中国历史研究院近代史研究所

出　　处：《历史研究》2025年第2期122-144,M0006,共24页Historical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项学术团队项目“台海两岸关系史研究”(4VJXT022)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1960年前后,非洲等欠发达国家和地区成为崛起中的政治力量,受到美国政府关注。美国的非洲政策遇阻,借助“代理人”向非洲渗透成为选项之一。对中国台湾地区停止经援后,美国基于《480公法》第1节的协议,经由中国台湾地区援助非洲,实施更为隐蔽的新殖民主义。全球反对帝国主义和霸权的斗争彼此呼应、紧密相连,中国的社会主义实践以及毛泽东思想为非洲民族解放运动提供了有益启示,非洲成为世界社会主义运动重要阵地。随着非洲社会革命进入新阶段,非洲国家反抗新殖民主义的政治觉醒从自发走向自觉。美国“借台援非”意图最终落空,“全球南方”在国际政治中的合力逐渐形成。Around 1960,Africa and other underdeveloped regions emerged as ascendant political powers,drawing the increasing attention of the U.S.government.Confronted with setbacks in its Africa policy,the U.S.sought alternative strategies to extend its influence,with proxy infiltration becoming one of the viable options.Following the cessation of economic assistance to Taiwan,China,the U.S.leveraged agreements under Title 1 of Public Law 480 to channel aid to Africa via Taiwan,China,thereby implementing a more covert form of neo-colonialism.The global struggle against imperialism and hegemonism constituted an interlinked process.China's socialist practices and Mao Zedong Thought provided ideological and strategic inspiration for Africa's national liberation movements,making this continent a crucial stronghold in the global socialist movement.As African social revolutions advanced into a new stage,political consciousness against neo-colonialism developed from spontaneous to self-aware.Ultimately,the U.S.effort to aid Africa through Taiwan proved unsuccessful,while the countries of the Global South steadily coalesced into a united force in international politics.

关 键 词：非洲 美国 “先锋计划” 《480公法》 全球南方 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]