洛特曼符号学视域下的阿赫玛托娃诗歌“文化聚合体”研究  

A Study on the“Cultural Paradigm”of Akhmatova's Poems from the Perspective of Lotman's Semiotics

作　　者：陈鑫熠 王永[1] Chen Xinyi;Wang Yong

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2025年第2期148-160,共13页Russian Literature & Arts

摘　　要：要俄罗斯阿克梅派诗人阿赫玛托娃的诗歌表现出“对世界文化的春念”。本文依据洛特曼文化符号学理论,以人名符号为例,从俄罗斯国家语料库提取相关词汇数据,并以此为线索,揭示其诗歌“文化聚合体”的特征:一是阿赫玛托娃借助于人名符号,尤其是与文学相关的人物,构筑起横跨各大洲、纵越各时代的“文化聚合体”;二是诗作中的文学碎片,经过世界经典文学形象的象征、历时共时层面的文学对话等重新编码方式,组成了兼具俄罗斯性与世界性、现实和过去的“聚合体”文学核心;三是诗人的生平传记、复杂的社会文化环境以及诗人本人与流派的创作观等作者语境成为解码“文化聚合体”的关键,而读者端的接受语境则不断为其新意注入源头活水。The poetry of Russian Acmeist poet Anna Akhmatova exhibits the creative idea of"feeling nostalgic about the world culture".This paper utilizes Lotman's cultural semiotics theory,taking personal name symbols as a case study,and extracts relevant lexical data from the national corpus of Russia.This study reveals the characteristics of the"cultural paradigm"in Akhmatova's poems:1)Akhmatova employs personal name symbols,particularly those related to literature,to construct a"cultural paradigm"that spans across continents and eras;2)literary fragments within her poems,re-encoded through the symbolism of global classic literary images and literary dialogues on both diachronic and synchronic levels,form the literary core of the paradigm"that integrates Russian identity with global relevance,as well as reality and the past;3)the authorial context,which includes the poet's biography,the complex socio-cultural environment,and the poet's own creative views along with the school's perspective,is key to decoding the"cultural paradigm",while the reader's receptive context continually infuses the"paradigm"with new meaning.

关 键 词：阿赫玛托娃 诗歌 统计分析 洛特曼文化符号学 “文化聚合体” 人名符号 

分 类 号：I106.2[文学—世界文学]