肺结核患者与结核潜伏感染者的肠道菌群宏基因组学分析  

Metagenomics analysis of intestinal flora in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection

作　　者：阿丽米热·阿不力米提 蒋远东 王雨薇 买日哈巴·卡米力 向阳[1] Alimire Abulimiti;JIANG Yuandong;WANG Yuwei;Mairihaba Kamili;XIANG Yang(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830017,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]重庆市江北区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2025年第3期304-311,317,共9页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81860589)。

摘　　要：目的 分析肺结核患者和结核潜伏感染者的肠道微生物组成、差异菌群和菌群功能的变化,筛选和评估特定菌种,寻找区分肺结核患者和结核潜伏感染者的生物标志物。方法 纳入新疆阿克苏地区新和县20例新发肺结核患者(PTB)、18例结核潜伏感染者(LTBI)和20例健康对照者(HC),收集各组新鲜粪便样本进行宏基因组测序。比较三组肠道菌群的组成、多样性和功能变化,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估PTB和LTBI关键物种的鉴定效能。结果 PTB组和LTBI组与HC组相比,肠道菌群多样性发生显著变化,PTB组α-多样性显著低于LTBI组和HC组(均P<0.05),三组β-多样性存在差异(P<0.05)。3组肠道菌群组成存在显著差异。与HC相比,PTB组疣微菌门相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),粪杆菌属、普雷沃菌属和链状杆菌属相对丰度降低(P<0.05)。LTBI组拟杆菌门、广古菌门和疣微菌门相对丰度升高(P<0.05),双歧杆菌属相对丰度降低(P<0.05)。在种水平上,嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌对PTB组的鉴别效能为0.911,Prevotella copri对LTBI组的鉴别效能为0.855。KEGG分析显示,三组菌群代谢通路差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,差异功能相对丰度最高的两个通路分别为氨酰-tRNA生物合成通路和错配修复通路。结论 PTB和LTBI组肠道菌群组成和功能通路存在差异。通过种水平上筛选出来的差异微生物可能是PTB和LTBI诊断提供新思路。Objective To analyse changes in gut microbial composition,differential flora and flora function in patients with tuberculosis and those with latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI),screen and evaluate specific strains of bacteria,and identify biomarkers that differentiate between patients with tuberculosis and those with LTBI.Methods Twenty patients with new-onset pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB),18 patients with LTBI and 20 healthy controls(HC) in Xinhe County,Aksu Region,Xinjiang,were included,and fresh faecal samples from each group were collected for metagenomic next-generation sequencing.The composition,diversity and functional changes of intestinal flora were compared among the three groups,and the efficacy of identification of key species in PTB and LTBI was assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve.Results Significant changes in the diversity of intestinal flora were observed in the PTB and LTBI groups compared with the HC group.The α-diversity in the PTB group was significantly lower than those in the LTBI group and the HC group(all P<0.05),and there was a difference in the β-diversity among the three groups(P<0.05).Significant differences in the composition of intestinal flora were observed among the three groups.Compared with the HC group,the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia significantly increased in the PTB group(P<0.05),while the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium,Prevotella and Clostridium decreased(all P<0.05).In the LTBI group,the relative abundances of Bacteroidota,Euryarchaeota and Verrucomicrobia increased,while that of Bifidobacterium decreased(all P<0.05).At the species level,Akkermansia muciniphila showed a high identification efficacy of 0.911 for the PTB group,and the Prevotella copri exhibited an identification efficacy of 0.855 for the LTBI group.KEGG analysis showed that the differences in pathways among the three groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The two pathways with the highest relative abundance of differential functions among the three groups were

关 键 词：肠道菌群 肺结核 潜伏性结核感染 宏基因组学 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]