一次电解精炼高杂质含量阳极铜制备5N高纯铜的研究  

Preparation of 5N high-purity copper by one-step electrorefining from high-impurity copper anode

作　　者：李彦坤 卢伟伟[1,2] 许爱荣 刘海涛[2,3] 程楚 宋克兴 陈晨[3] 田静 崔育涛 LI Yankun;LU Weiwei;XU Airong;LIU Haitao;CHENG Chu;SONG Kexing;CHEN Chen;TIAN Jing;CUI Yutao(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Processing Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;Henan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter LLC,Sanmenxia 472100,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学化学化工学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]河南省有色金属材料科学与加工技术重点实验室,河南洛阳471023 [3]河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河南洛阳471023 [4]河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司,河南三门峡472100

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2025年第4期39-47,共9页Electroplating & Finishing

基　　金：先进导体材料洁净化控制关键技术开发(Yucaiqi[2024]10);高性能铜基材料制备加工及综合性能调控(244500510020);河南省材料高纯化技术与产业发展战略研究(2024-HENZDB-02)。

摘　　要：[目的]由于一般铜材料中含有较高的杂质含量,难以满足高端装备制造、国防军工等关键产业的应用。因此,提高铜材料的纯度已成为现代铜材料行业发展的重要方向之一。[方法]以高杂质含量铜板(纯度为99.07%)为原料,通过一次电解精炼制备5N高纯铜。研究了电流密度、硫酸质量浓度、铜离子质量浓度和温度对沉积速率和阴极铜表面形貌的影响。再在此基础上采用离子交换膜和1-氨基丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([C3NH2CIm][Cl])添加剂来调控铜电解精炼过程。使用扫描电镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)和辉光放电质谱法(GD-MS)对所得阴极铜产品进行表征和分析。[结果]离子交换膜和[C3NH2CIm][Cl]添加剂的协同作用有效降低了阴极铜的杂质含量,成功地将阴极铜的纯度从99.9963%提高到99.99977%。[结论]本研究为一次电解精炼高杂质含量阳极铜制备高纯铜提供了有效的策略。[Objective]Conventional copper materials with high impurity content often fail to meet the stringent requirements of critical industries such as high-end equipment manufacturing and national defense.Consequently,improving copper purity has become a pivotal direction in advancement of modern copper materials.[Method]5N highpurity copper was prepared by one-step electrorefining using high-impurity copper plates with purity of 99.07%as raw materials.The effects of current density,sulfuric acid concentration,copper ion concentration,and temperature on deposition rate and surface morphology of copper on cathode were studied.An ion exchange membrane and ionic liquid additive i.e.1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([C3NH2CIm][Cl])were used to regulate the electrorefining process under the optimized process conditions.The copper electrodeposited on cathode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),and glow discharge mass spectrometry(GD-MS).[Result]The synergistic application of ion-exchange membrane and[C3NH2CIm][Cl]additive significantly reduced impurity content in cathode copper,achieving a purity enhancement from 99.9963%to 99.99977%.[Conclusion]This study provides an effective strategy for the production of high-purity electrolytic copper from high-impurity anode copper through one-step electrorefining.

关 键 词：高纯铜 一次电解精炼 离子交换膜 1-氨基丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐 

分 类 号：TQ153.14[化学工程—电化学工业]