空地双向链路信道测量及统计特性研究  

Research on Measurement and Statistical Characteristics of Air-to-Ground Bidirectional Links Channels

作　　者：杨羽欣 雷泰雅 华博宇 陈小敏[1] 刘玉超[2] 李瀚芃 朱秋明[1] Yang Yuxin;Lei Taiya;Hua Boyu;Chen Xiaomin;Liu Yuchao;Li Hanpeng;Zhu Qiuming(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation,Qingdao 266107,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,南京211106 [2]中国电波传播研究所,山东青岛266107

出　　处：《航空兵器》2025年第2期67-73,共7页Aero Weaponry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(62271250);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20211182);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2022067,BE2022067-1,BE2022067-3)。

摘　　要：随着无人机通信系统的发展,空地双向链路无线信道特性愈加复杂的问题也日益凸显。为了更好地评估无人机通信系统的性能,本文提出了一种空地双向链路多径特性测量及分析方案。该方案基于自研无人机双向链路信道测量设备,利用恒虚警率检测实现多径分量提取与信道特征分析。同时,本文还提出一种基于反向传播神经网络的到达角估计算法,提升信道特征参数分析的准确性。为了验证本文方法的可靠性,开展了实测活动,分析并比较了空地双向链路的多径数目分布、时延扩展和角度扩展等信道特性。仿真结果与实测结果的比对表明,本文提出方法能够实现高精度的空地双向链路信道特性分析,验证了信道互易定理的有效性和局限性。The development of UAV communication systems has underscored the complexity of analyzing wireless channel characteristics for air-to-ground bidirectional links.In order to better assess the performance of UAV communication systems,this paper introduces a scheme for measuring and analyzing the multipath characteristics of air-to-ground bidirectional links.A method for capturing the channel impulse response is presented,employing constant false alarm rate detection for multipath extraction and channel feature analysis.Particularly,an arrival angle estimation algorithm based on a backpropagation neural network is proposed,which is aimed at enhancing the precision of the angle parameter estimation.To validate the reliability of the methods presented in this paper,field measurements are conducted,where the channel characteristics of air-to-ground bidirectional links,including multipath distribution,delay spread,and angle spread,are analyzed and compared.The comparison of simulation and field results demonstrates that the proposed method enables high-precision channel characteristic analysis for air-to-ground bidirectional links.The validity and limitations of the channel reciprocity theorem have been verified.

关 键 词：空地信道 双向信道 多径参数 信道测量 反向传播神经网络 

分 类 号：TJ760[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]