盐碱胁迫对‘红色宫殿’百合叶片结构及光合特征的影响  

The Effect of Salinity-Alkalinity Stress on the Leaf Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Lilium‘Red Palace’

作　　者：杨雨华 侯姊帆 黄金灿 贾紫琼 亓璐璐 宗建伟 张家昊 Yang Yuhua;Hou Zifan;Huang Jincan;Jia Ziqiong;Qi Lulu;Zong Jianwei;Zhang Jiahao(Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy,Zhengzhou 450046,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河南牧业经济学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第5期50-57,65,共9页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(242102110220);河南牧业经济学院博士科研启动资金项目(2018HNUAHEDF019)。

摘　　要：为明确不同盐碱浓度梯度对百合叶片解剖结构和光合特征的影响,以OT系百合‘红色宫殿’(Lilium‘Red palace’)为试验材料,设置5个(0、50、100、150、200 mmol·L^(-1))盐碱混合液浓度梯度进行盆栽试验,观测植株形态、叶片解剖结构、光合色素和光合参数,并对其指标进行相关性分析和主成分分析。结果表明:除对照(CK)外,随着混合盐碱胁迫浓度的增加,百合的叶长、叶宽、叶片数、叶面积指数、叶片厚度、上表皮厚度、下表皮厚度均呈先上升后下降趋势,且均在浓度为100 mmol·L^(-1)处理时达到峰值;而植株紧凑度、株高增长量、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度和叶绿素a、总叶绿素质量分数呈持续降低趋势,栅栏组织厚度与海绵组织厚度相比,具有更强的盐碱适应特征,其中浓度为100 mmol·L^(-1)处理的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素与对照相比,呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05)。百合净光合速率的日变化无“光合午休”现象,且浓度为50 mmol·L^(-1)处理时引发百合净光合速率下降,百合叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)摩尔分数下降趋势一致,而在盐碱胁迫浓度≥50 mmol·L^(-1)时,导致百合的净光合速率、气孔导度同步降低,而胞间CO_(2)摩尔分数呈上升趋势,可知浓度为50 mmol·L^(-1)是引发百合净光合速率下降由气孔限制转变为非气孔限制的关键节点。此外,主成分分析表明,百合耐盐碱浓度的阈值为100 mmol·L^(-1)。试验结果表明,低浓度盐碱胁迫百合尚能通过调整叶片形态及内部解剖结构等策略适应环境,超过盐碱浓度100 mmol·L^(-1)时,百合的光合参数和部分叶片结构遭受明显抑制。To clarify the effects of different salinity-alkalinity concentration gradients on the anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics of Lilium,OT Lilium‘Red palace’was used as the test material.A pot experiment was conducted with five gradient concentrations of salinity-alkalinity mixed solutions(0,50,100,150,200 mmol·L^(-1)).The morphological characteristics of the plants,leaf anatomical structure,photosynthetic pigments,and photosynthetic parameters were observed,followed by correlation analysis and principal component analysis of the indicators.The results showed that,except for the control group(CK),with the increase of mixed salinity-alkalinity stress concentration,the leaf length,leaf width,number of leaves,leaf area index,leaf thickness,upper epidermis thickness,and lower epidermis thickness of Lilium exhibited a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,peaking at a concentration of 100 mmol·L^(-1).In contrast,plant compactness,height growth,palisade tissue thickness,spongy tissue thickness,and the mass fraction of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll showed a continuous decreasing trend.Among these,palisade tissue thickness showed stronger adaptive characteristics to salinity-alkalinity compared to spongy tissue thickness,with chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and total chlorophyll significantly declining at the 100 mmol·L^(-1)treatment compared to the control(P<0.05).The diurnal variation of Lilium’s net photosynthetic rate did not exhibit the phenomenon of“photosynthetic midday depression”.The concentration of 50 mmol·L^(-1)triggered a decline in Lilium’s net photosynthetic rate,with a consistent downward trend observed in net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and intercellular CO_(2)molar fraction.When the salinity-alkalinity stress concentration reached≥50 mmol·L^(-1),both the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of Lilium declined simultaneously,while the intercellular CO_(2)molar fraction showed an upward trend.This indicates that the concentration of 50

关 键 词：百合 混合盐碱胁迫 解剖结构 光合色素 光合日变化 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]