我国氢燃料电池汽车发展前景分析  

Analysis on the Prospects of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles in China

作　　者：周姗 Zhou Shan(SINOPEC Economics&Development Research Institute Company Limited,China Petrochemical Consulting Company Limited,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化集团经济技术研究院有限公司,中国石化咨询有限责任公司,北京100029

出　　处：《当代石油石化》2025年第4期12-17,共6页Petroleum & Petrochemical Today

摘　　要：氢能是我国能源转型的重要方向之一。氢燃料电池汽车具有能量转化效率高、无污染等优势,是交通领域用氢的主要途径之一。我国已基本实现氢燃料电池汽车技术的自主化,截至2024年,我国累计推广氢燃料电池汽车近3万辆,已成为全球最大的燃料电池汽车市场,发展空间巨大。氢燃料电池汽车在长途、高负荷运输场景中具有优势,但还面临技术验证不充分、加氢基础设施不完善、车辆运营成本偏高等方面的挑战,当前阶段仍依赖政策推动。随着技术进步、应用规模扩大、供应链优化,氢燃料电池汽车运营成本将逐步降低。建议延续对氢燃料电池汽车应用的支持政策,系统规划氢气运输网络建设,围绕有经济可行性的氢燃料电池汽车运营场景布局加氢站业务。Hydrogen energy represents a critical pathway for China's energy transition.Fuel cell vehicles(FCVs)offer significant advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency and zero emissions,making them a key solution for hydrogen utilization in the transportation sector.China has achieved substantial autonomy in FCVs technology development.By 2024,the cumulative deployment of FCVs is approaching 30,000.China has become the world’s largest market for FCVs with huge potential for further growth.FCVs excel in long-distance and heavy-duty transport applications,but still face challenges including insufficient technical validation,inadequate hydrogen refueling infrastructure,and high operation costs.At this stage,policy support remains crucial.As technology advances,application scales expand,and supply chains optimize,the operation costs of FCVs are expected to decrease gradually.It is recommended to sustain the support policies for FCV applications,systematically plan the development of a hydrogen transportation network,and strategically deploy hydrogen refueling station operations around economically viable FCV operational scenarios.

关 键 词：氢能 燃料电池 氢燃料电池汽车 加氢站 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]