莲种质资源的共享镰刀菌抗性评价及其防治药剂筛选  

Evaluation of resistance of lotus germplasm resources to Fusarium commune and screening of fungicides

作　　者：张潇月 付钰铭 朱玲 张效源 郑兴汶 况卫刚 崔汝强[1,2] ZHANG Xiaoyue;FU Yuming;ZHU Ling;ZHANG Xiaoyuan;ZHENG Xingwen;KUANG Weigang;CUI Ruqiang(School of Agriculture,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Guangchang White Lotus Science and Technology Innovation Station,Fuzhou,Jiangxi 344900,China;Lotus Industry Development Center of Guangchang County,Fuzhou,Jiangxi 344900,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西广昌白莲科技小院,江西抚州344900 [3]江西广昌白莲产业发展中心,江西抚州344900

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2025年第2期397-405,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260663)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨共享镰刀菌生物学特性,明确不同莲种质资源的共享镰刀菌(Fusarium commune)抗性以及室内防治药剂筛选,以期促进莲产业的健康发展。【方法】利用菌丝生长速率法测定了不同培养基、pH值以及氮、碳源对其生长的影响。采用室内有伤接种的方法对229份莲种质资源进行室内抗性分析,通过平均病斑直径法和聚类分析进行莲种质抗性评价。利用生长速率法测定了450g/L咪鲜胺、40%苯醚甲环唑、50%多菌灵等6种常用杀菌剂对共享镰刀菌的毒力。【结果】生物学特性研究结果表明,该病原菌在燕麦琼脂培养基(OA)上生长最快,最适氮源为蛋白胨,最适碳源为麦芽糖,最适宜菌丝生长的pH为9。平均病斑直径和聚类分析均可将莲种质划分为高抗、抗、中抗、感和高感5类。根据平均病斑直径法划分标准,高抗品种56份、抗病品种71份、中抗品种65份、感病品种33份和高感品种4份,与聚类分析结果基本一致。所选莲种质涵盖子莲、花莲、藕莲以及野莲品种,花莲和藕莲的莲腐败病抗性差异显著,野莲和子莲种质无显著差异。其中藕莲高抗种质有崖城藕、小庙前藕莲;野莲高抗种质有普者黑白莲、冬瓜莲、汶溪红莲、斯洛库姆、南梗野莲、无锡莲、江苏洪泽县野莲等;子莲高抗种质有赣莲62号、昌顺1号、寸三莲1号、金雀、白花建莲、太空莲58号、寸三莲65号等;花莲高抗种质有粉青莲、一天四海、金凤凰、秋阳、粉千叶、佩里之星、娇相依、一点红、勇士、白雪公主等。室内毒力测定结果表明,450g/L咪鲜胺、40%苯醚甲环唑、50%多菌灵和325g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯的抑制效果较好,其EC_(50)值分别0.009,0.386,2.936,3.714μg/mL。【结论】研究揭示了共享镰刀菌的生长特性,筛选出56份高抗莲种质资源,450g/L咪鲜胺、40%苯醚甲环唑可作为莲腐败病防治候选药剂,为抗病品种的选育和该病害�[Objective]This study aims to explore the biological characteristics of Fusarium commune,clarify the resistance of different lotus germplasm resources to Fusarium commune,and screen the effective control agents under laboratory conditions,thus promote the development of lotus industry.[Method]The effects of different culture media,pH,and nitrogen and carbon sources on their growth were determined using the mycelial growth rate method.Indoor resistance analysis of 229 lotus germplasm resources was conducted by using indoor wounded inoculation,and the resistance of lotus germplasm was evaluated by the mean spot diameter method and cluster analysis.The virulence of six commonly used fungicides,including 450 g/L prochloraz,40%difenoconazole and 50%carbendazim,against Fusarium commune,was determined by growth rate method.[Result]Biological characterization shows that the pathogen grows most rapidly on oatmeal agar(OA),the most suitable nitrogen source is peptone,the most suitable carbon source is maltose,and the pH suitable for mycelial growth is 9.The average lesion diameter and cluster analysis divide the lotus germplasm into five categories,namely high resistance,resistance,medium resistance,susceptibility and high susceptibility.According to the classification standard of the average lesion diameter method,there were 56 high-resistance varieties,71 disease-resistant varieties,65 medium-resistant varieties,33 susceptible varieties and 4 high-susceptibility varieties,which are basically consistent with the results of cluster analysis.The selected germplasms cover the varieties of seed lotus,flower lotus,root lotus and wild lotus.Flower lotus and root lotus show no significant difference in resistance to lotus rhizome rot,while no significant difference is observed between the germplasm of wild lotus and seed lotus.Among them,the high-resistance germplasm of root lotus includes Yachengou and Xiaomiaoqianoulian;the wild lotus germplasms with high resistance include Puzheheibailian,Donggualian,Wenxihonglian,Siluokumu,N

关 键 词：莲种质 共享镰刀菌 抗性评价 生物学特性 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S436.45[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]