常绿阔叶林树木生长与林元结构的关系  

Relationship between tree growth and stand structure in evergreen broad-leaved forests

作　　者：廖婷 朱立辉 郑崇龙 黄彭玲 侯志琪 尹利栋 宋庆妮[1] 刘骏[1] 杨清培[1] LIAO Ting;ZHU Lihui;ZHENG Chonglong;HUANG Pengling;HOU Zhiqi;YIN Lidong;SONG Qingni;LIU Jun;YANG Qingpei(School of Forestry,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Breeding and Efficient Utilization of Native Tree Species,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Forestry Bureau of Chongyi County,Jiangxi Province,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341300,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院/江西乡土树种良种选育与高效利用江西省省重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省崇义县林业局,江西赣州341300

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2025年第2期426-437,共12页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260335)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究亚热带常绿阔叶林林元结构与树木不同生长阶段生长的关系,有利于了解树木在空间和时间发展中的动态性和变化性,明确森林演替趋势,对植被恢复及优化林元结构具有重要指导意义。【方法】以齐云山2hm2常绿阔叶林固定监测样地为研究对象,将样地内树木划分为幼树、小树、中树和大树4个生长阶段,选用角尺度、混交度和优势度3种林元结构参数,利用t检验和单因素分析法,探究林元结构对所有树木和不同生活型树木不同生长阶段的胸高断面积年均生长量的影响。【结果】(1)同一林元结构参数对所有树木不同生长阶段的胸高断面积年均生长量均具有显著影响(P<0.05),随着树木的径级增大,影响逐渐变小,而不同林元结构参数仅优势度对幼树具有显著影响(P<0.05);(2)同一林元结构参数对不同生活型树木的幼树、小树和中树的胸高断面积年均生长量具有显著影响(P<0.05),表现为角尺度对幼树和中树具有显著影响(P<0.05),混交度对小树和中树具有显著影响(P<0.05),优势度对幼树和小树具有显著影响(P<0.05)。【结论】亚热带常绿阔叶林树木在不同生长阶段都会受到林元结构的影响,小径级树木受影响最大,中树阶段胸高断面积年均生长量保持稳定增长,大树受影响较小;在不同生活型中,林元结构对落叶树木影响大,随着径级的增大,落叶树种胸高断面积年均生长量逐渐低于常绿树种生长量。研究认为该地区正处于演替中后期向演替顶级转变的过渡阶段,可以依据树木生长规律合理制定措施优化林元空间结构,通过长期监测保护加速森林的演替向顶级群落发展。[Objective]Studying the relationship between stand structure and tree growth at different stages in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests helps understand the dynamics and variability of tree development in spatial and temporal dimensions.This clarifies forest succession trends and provides significant guiding significance for vegetation restoration and optimizing stand structure.[Method]Taking the fixed monitoring plot of 2 hm2 evergreen broad-leaved forest in Qiyun Mountain as the research object,the trees in the sample plot were divided into four growth stages:sapling trees,small trees,middle trees and large trees,and three stand structure parameters,namely angular scale,mixed tree and dominance degree,were selected to explore the effects of stand structure on the annual average growth of all trees and trees of different life forms at different growth stages.[Result](1)The same stand structure parameters had a significant effect on the annual basal area growth rate of all trees at different growth stages(P<0.05),impacts become progressively smaller as trees increase in size class,while different stand structure parameters only had a significant effect on the dominance of young trees(P<0.05).(2)The same stand structure parameters had a significant effect on the average annual growth of saplings,small trees and middle trees of different life forms(P<0.05),due to that the angular scale had a significant effect on young and middle trees(P<0.05),the degree of mixing had a significant effect on small and middle trees(P<0.05),and the dominance degree had a significant effect on young and small trees(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Trees in evergreen broad-leaved forests are affected by the stand structure at different growth stages.Small-diameter trees are most affected,while the annual basal area growth rate of medium-diameter trees maintains stable growth,and large-diameter trees are less affected.Among different life forms,stand structure has a greater impact on deciduous trees.With the increase of diameter class,the ave

关 键 词：森林演替 林元结构 树木动态生长 胸高断面积生长量 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]