祁连山区土壤理化性质对植被生长发育的影响  

Effects of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties on Vegetation Growth and Development in Qilian Mountains

作　　者：陈海涛 蒋志成 赵军 蒋志仁 明财秀 CHEN Hai-tao(Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve,Xishui Nature Reserve,Zhangye,Gansu734000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区西水保护站,甘肃张掖734000 [2]甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区管护中心,甘肃张掖734000 [3]甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区祁连保护站,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2025年第3期36-38,58,共4页Horticulture & Seed

摘　　要：[目的]分析祁连山土壤理化性质对植被生长发育的影响。[方法]调查了祁连山区东、中、西端不同坡向和不同植被带土壤理化性质、植被种类数、年生长量、高度、盖度和地上生物总量。[结果]祁连山东端土壤理化指标优于中端和西端,特别是东端土壤含水率较高,植被生长发育优于中端,明显优于西端。阴坡土壤理化指标明显优于阳坡,阴坡植被种类数比阳坡多61.54%,植被年生长量比阳坡高43.8%,植被平均高度是阳坡的2.27倍,植被平均盖度比阳坡高10.76个百分点,地上生物总量平均值比阳坡高74.5%。但在海拔3800 m处,阳坡植被种类数、年生长量、高度、盖度和地上生物总量均大于阴坡。阴坡海拔3000 m处、阳坡海拔3400 m处土壤理化指标最优,植被生长发育最好。[结论]研究结果为祁连山开展土壤分类经营和管理提供了参考。[Objective]To analyze the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on vegetation growth and development in Qilian mountains.[Method]The soil physical and chemical properties,the number of vegetation species,annual growth,height,coverage and aboveground biomass of different slope directions and vegetation zones in the eastern,middle and western ends of Qilian mountains were investigated.[Result]The soil physical and chemical indexes in the eastern end of Qilian mountains were better than those in the middle and western ends,especially the soil moisture content in the eastern end was higher,and the vegetation growth and development was better than those in the middle and western ends.The number of vegetation species on the shady slope was 61.54%more than that on the sunny slope,the annual growth of vegetation was 43.8%higher than that on the sunny slope,the average height of vegetation was 2.27 times higher than that on the sunny slope,the average vegetation coverage was 10.76 pereentage points higher than that on the sunny slope,and the average aboveground biomass was 74.5%higher than that on the sunny slope.However,at 3800 m above sea level,the number of vegetation species,annual growth,height,coverage and aboveground biomass on the sunny slope were greater than those on the shady slope.The soil physical and chemical indexes were the best at the altitude of 3000 m on the shady slope and 3400 m on the sunny slope,and the vegetation growth and development was the best.[Conclusion]The results provide a reference for soil classification management in Qilian mountains.

关 键 词：祁连山区 土壤 理化性质 植被 生长发育 

分 类 号：S714.4[农业科学—林学]