宜机收高淀粉糯高粱恢复系辽粘R-4创制与应用  

Development and Application of the Mechanized Harvesting-suitable High-starch Glutinous Sorghum Restorer Line Liaonian R-4

作　　者：王艳秋[1] 朱凯[1] 柯福来[1] WANG Yan-qiu(Sorghum Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning110161)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院高粱研究所,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2025年第3期85-88,共4页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：辽宁省种质创新藏粮于技专项计划(2023JH1/10200001);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-14.5-A11)。

摘　　要：辽粘R-4是以9544天变为母本,7037糯为父本,去雄杂交,经过自交优选形成高淀粉矮秆糯质恢复系辽粘R-4,集聚了中国血缘高梁的优良基因,为配合力高、恢复性强、综合性状好、抗性强、适应性广的优良恢复系。淀粉结构合理,用于食(饲)用具有易消化、吸水快、适口性好等优点。以辽粘R-4为父本配制的杂交种淀粉含量显著提高,具有正效应,是配制高淀粉高梁的优良恢复系。利用辽粘R-4配制出糯型和梗型的优良杂交种8个,类型丰富,有酿造用和食(饲)用,杂交种表现品质好、产量高、丰产性好、抗逆性强、适应性广等特点,其中辽粘5号、辽糯7号、辽糯13、辽杂48、辽杂52和辽夏梁1号为食(饲)用高梁杂交种,辽杂53和辽杂82为酿造用高梁杂交种,其中辽夏梁1号是我国第1个夏播专用的高梁品种,填补了我国没有夏播专用品种的空白。Liaonian R-4 is a high-starch,dwarf,glutinous restorer line developed through selective selfing,with the hybrid cross between the female parent 9544Tianbian and the male parent 7037Nuo.Liaonian R-4 combines the desirable genes of Chinese sorghum germplasm,exhibiting high combining ability,strong restoring capability,excellent overall traits,robust resistance,and broad adaptability.The structure of starch is reasonable,and it has the advantages of easy digestion,fast water absorption and good palatability for food(feed).When used as a paternal line in hybrids,Liaonian R-4 significantly enhances starch content,making it an ideal restorer for highstarch sorghum cultivars.Using Liaonian R-4,eight superior glutinous and japonica hybrids have been developed,offering a variety of types for brewing and food(feed)purposes.These hybrids exhibit outstanding quality,high yield potential,productivity,high resistance,and broad adaptability.Notably,Liaonian 5,Liaonuo 7,Liaonuo 13,Liaoza 48,Liaoza 52,and Liaoxialiang 1 are suited for food and feed,while Liaoza 53 and Liaoza 82 are ideal for brewing.The development of Liaoxialiang 1 marks China's first summer-sown sorghum variety,filling a crucial gap in dedicated summer-sown cultivars.

关 键 词：宜机收 高淀粉 糯高粱 恢复系 辽粘R-4 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]