抗奶山羊源葡萄球菌藏药筛选及对小鼠乳房炎的治疗作用研究  

Screening of Tibetan Drugs against Dairy Goat Staphylococcus and Study of Therapeutic Effect on Mouse Mastitis

作　　者：李启瑞 豆薇 顾庆云[2] 李生庆[3] 郭抗抗[1] LI Qi-rui;DOU Wei;GU Qing-yun;LI Sheng-qing;GUO Kang-kang(College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi,712100,China;Xizang Key Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine,Lasa,Tibetan,850030,China;Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Xining,Qinghai,810016,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西藏职业技术学院西藏兽药重点实验室,西藏拉萨850030 [3]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2025年第6期57-64,共8页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：陕西省农业科技创新转化项目(NYKJ-2021-YL(XN)16);西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202101YD001C);青海省科技计划项目(2022-NK-118)。

摘　　要：乳房炎是影响奶山羊养殖业的主要疾病之一,目前,临床上普遍采用抗菌药物治疗奶山羊乳房炎,但长期使用抗菌药物已导致细菌耐药和兽药残留等公共卫生问题。因此,寻找替代抗菌药物治疗乳房炎具有重要意义。选取9种具有抗菌、抗病毒及免疫调节作用的藏药,使用水提法提取其有效成分。然后采用水提物与细菌共培养的方式探究其体外抑菌作用。同时,使用SPF级昆明系小鼠验证藏药水提物的安全性,并利用金黄色葡萄球菌构建小鼠乳房炎动物模型,使用前期证明具有体外抑菌作用的藏药进行灌胃治疗,观察小鼠病变情况。此外,使用qPCR方法分别检测不同组内小鼠乳腺组织TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、IL-1β4种炎症因子表达量,结果表明,TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、IL-1β4种炎症因子阳性对照与阴性对照相比差异极显著(P<0.01),当藏药灌注时间达到14 d时炎症因子表达量均出现不同程度的下降,其中IL-1β下降最为明显,但与阴性组对照差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明,所选用的藏药中甘青青兰、蒺藜在原药浓度1 g/mL时对4种葡萄球菌有抑制作用。小鼠安全性试验表明,在原药浓度为1 g/mL时用药剂量在400μL以下时,两组小鼠均未表现出明显的异常,同时,在藏药治疗中仅甘青青兰能够有效缓解小鼠乳腺组织的炎症情况。以上试验结果表明,成功筛选出一种同时具有体内、体外抗葡萄球菌作用的藏药,为综合开发藏药治疗奶山羊乳房炎提供了一定的研究基础。Dairy goat mastitis is one of the major diseases affecting dairy goat farming.Currently,antibiotics are widely used to treat dairy goat mastitis,but long-term use of antibiotics has led to bacterial resistance and veterinary drug residues and other public health problems.Therefore,the search for alternative antibiotic drugs to treat mastitis is of great significance.In this study,9 kinds of Tibetan medicines with antibacterial,antiviral and immunomodulatory effects were selected and their effective components were extracted by water method.Then,the bacteriostatic effect in vitro was studied by co-culture of water extract and bacteria.At the same time,SPF Kunming mice were used to verify the safety of Tibetan medicine water extracts,Staphylococcus aureus was used to construct mouse mastitis animal model,and Tibetan medicine proved to have in vitro antibacterial effect was used for gavage treatment,and the pathological changes of mice were observed.In addition,the expression levels of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8 and IL-1βin mammary tissue of mice in different groups were detected by qPCR.The results showed that the positive control of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8 and IL-1βhad significant differences compared with the negative control(P<0.01).When the infusion time reached 14 days,the expressions of inflammatory factors decreased to different degrees,and the decrease of IL-1βwas the most obvious,but there was no significant difference compared with the negative control group(P>0.05).The results showed that in the Tibetan medicines selected in this experiment,the Tibetan medicine Dracocephalum tanguticum and Tribulus terrestris had obvious inhibitory effect on the four species of Staphylococcus when the original drug concentration was 1 g/mL.In addition,the safety test of mice showed that when the original drug concentration was 1 g/mL and the dosage was below 400μL,the mice in both groups did not show significant abnormalities.Meanwhile,in the treatment of Tibetan medicine,only Tibetan medicines Gan Qingqing Lan could effectively reli

关 键 词：奶山羊 乳房炎 藏药 动物模型 

分 类 号：S853.74[农业科学—临床兽医学] S857.26[农业科学—兽医学]