高初速无后坐力枪设计与内弹道稳定性  

Research on Interior Ballistics Stability of Small-caliber Recoilless Gun with High Muzzle Velocity of Projectile

作　　者：刘朋展 王国强 景春温 赵雄飞 刘万川 王勇 LIU Pengzhan;WANG Guoqiang;JING Chunwen;ZHAO Xiongfei;LIU Wanchuan;WANG Yong(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China;Chongqing Jianshe Industry(Group)Co.,LTD.,Chongqing 400054,China;Chongqing Jialing Special Equipment Co.,LTD.,Chongqing 400032,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机电工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]重庆建设工业(集团)有限责任公司,重庆400054 [3]重庆嘉陵特种装备有限公司,重庆400032

出　　处：《兵工学报》2025年第4期1-12,共12页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划项目(202203021212161)。

摘　　要：无后坐力发射可有效降低后坐力,但会降低初速,为克服初速与后坐力之间的矛盾,提出基于可燃药筒和电磁感应点火的无后坐力枪方案,能够在不降低初速的同时实现无后坐力。通过电磁感应将能量传递到点火头,点火头点燃弹膛内发射药与可燃药筒,提供发射能量,在达到一定压力后打开尾部拉瓦尔喷管,向后喷射气体平衡弹头向前冲量。高初速无后坐力发射装填密度高、最大膛压高,内弹道容易出现不稳定。为提高内弹道稳定性,建立了射击过程中经典内弹道模型,运用数值仿真分析内弹道性能,并研究内弹道稳定性。开展弹道试验研究,对所提方案进行验证。研究结果表明:该方案能够在提高弹头初速的同时将后坐冲量降低到1.5 N·s以下,可为轻武器未来发展提供新的思路。Recoilless launch can reduce recoil effectively,but it causes the reduction in low muzzle velocity.To resolve the conflict between muzzle velocity and recoil force,a reverse jet recoilless scheme based on combustible cartridge and electromagnetic induction ignition is proposed.Energy is transmitted to the ignition head through electromagnetic induction,which ignites the fast-burning propellant and combustible cartridge in the chamber to provide the launch energy.After reaching a certain level of pressure,the Laval nozzle is opened,and gas is sprayed backwards to balance the forward impulse of projectile.For high muzzle velocity recoilless launch,the loading density and chamber pressure are high,and the interior ballistics is prone to instability.To increase the stability of interior ballistics,a classic interior ballistic model during the shooting process is established,The performance of interior ballistics is analyzed and the stability of interior trajectory is studied through numerical simulation.The ballistic test research was conducted to verify the proposed scheme.The results show that the proposed scheme.can be used to reduce the recoil impulse to below 1.5 N·s without reducing the muzzle velocity of projectile.The scheme can provide new ideas for the future development of light weapons.

关 键 词：无后坐力 内弹道 感应点火 可燃药筒 

分 类 号：TJ27[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]