纳米碳球切削液的润滑性能及机理研究  

Study on Lubricating Performances and Mechanism of Nano-carbon Balls Cutting Fluids

作　　者：孙浩 蓝启鑫 姚斌 芦晶晶 张金辉 潘志榕 赵珂馨 SUN Hao;LAN Qixin;YAO Bin;LU Jingjing;ZHANG Jinhui;PAN Zhirong;ZHAO Kexin(AECC Harbin Dongan Engine Co.,Ltd.,Harbin,150060;School of Aerospace Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian,361005)

机构地区：[1]中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机有限公司,哈尔滨150060 [2]厦门大学航空航天学院,厦门361005

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2025年第4期715-723,共9页China Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：探究了纳米碳球切削液应用于难加工航空齿轮钢(15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2W)切削中纳米碳球粒子对切削液的润滑增强作用。首先构建了金属切削的切削力模型,分析了切削润滑与切削力的关系;进一步,联合摩擦磨损试验和铣削试验,从摩擦因数、磨损量、摩擦表面质量和切削力等方面分析了纳米碳球切削液的润滑性能表现。相比于基础切削液,纳米碳球切削液(纳米碳球质量分数为0.02%)作用下的难加工齿轮钢铣削力减小了10%以上,表面粗糙度减小了15%以上。试验观测结果显示,摩擦接触面上的纳米碳球粒子更容易吸附在表面自由能大的微尖峰区域,并形成一层纳米碳球吸附膜;纳米碳球粒子可以在摩擦界面发挥“微轴承”减摩作用。Nano-carbon balls cutting fluid was applied to the cutting processes of difficult-to-machine aerospace gear steels(15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2W),and the lubrication enhancement effects of nano-carbon particles on the cutting fluid were investigated.Firstly,a cutting force model for metal cutting was established to analyze the relationship between cutting lubrication and cutting forces.Furthermore,through combined friction-wear tests and milling experiments,the lubrication performance of nano-carbon balls cutting fluid was evaluated in terms of friction coefficient,wear volume,friction surface quality,and cutting forces.Compared with the base cutting fluid,when the mass fraction of nano-carbon is reached 0.02%,the milling forces for the gear steels are decreased by over 10%,and surface roughness is reduced by more than 15%.Experimental observations reveal that nano-carbon particles on the friction contact surfaces preferentially are adsorbed onto micro-peak regions with higher surface free energy,forming a nano-carbon adsorption film.Lubrication mechanism analysis indicates that this adsorption film may exert a friction-reducing“micro-bearing”effects.

关 键 词：纳米碳球 切削液 润滑机理 铣削 难加工齿轮钢 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TH140[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]