超声辅助纳米流体微量润滑车削钛合金实验研究  

Experimental Study of Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Turning Titanium Alloys with Nanofluid MQL ZHENG Jintao

作　　者：郑金滔 马浩然 王进 刘国梁 MA Haoran;WANG Jin;LIU Guoliang(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao,Shandong,266520)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,青岛266500

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2025年第4期743-752,759,共11页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52375446,52005281)。

摘　　要：将超声振动切削加工技术与纳米流体微量润滑技术相结合,开展了不同振动方向和切削速度下的钛合金超声辅助纳米流体微量润滑车削实验,分析了金刚石、石墨烯和金刚石/石墨烯复合纳米流体与超声振动的协同作用机理。研究结果显示,不同润滑方式下,施加不同方向的超声振动均可减小主切削力并增大加工表面残余压应力,但切深方向的超声振动可能增大表面粗糙度;超声振动切削中,石墨烯纳米片可以产生层间剪切效应并增强换热,具有减小切削力、减小表面粗糙度和增大残余压应力的效果;金刚石纳米粒子在高速和进给方向振动条件下可以产生划擦抛光效应,显著减小加工表面粗糙度,Ra最大减幅达50%;金刚石/石墨烯复合纳米流体性能均衡,在速度-切深方向椭圆超声辅助低速切削、速度-切深方向椭圆超声辅助高速切削以及速度-进给方向椭圆超声辅助切削三种方式下较棕榈油润滑均能减小主切削力和表面粗糙度,主切削力和Ra最大减幅均超过20%。By combining the ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting with nanofluid MQL,ultrasonic vibration assisted turning experiments were conducted for titanium alloys with different vibration directions and cutting speeds.The synergistic mechanism among diamond,graphene,diamond/graphene composite nanofluids and ultrasonic vibration was analysed.The results show that all modes of ultrasonic vibration may reduce the main cutting force and increase the compressive residual stress,but the ultrasonic vibration in depth of cut direction may enlarge surface roughness.During the ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting,graphene nanosheets may generate interlayer shear effect and enhance heat transfer,thus reducing the cutting forces,decreasing the values of surface roughness,and increasing the compressive residual stresses.The dominant effects of diamond nanoparticles are scratching and polishing under the conditions of high-speed cutting and vibrations in feed direction,which may reduce the values of surface roughness of Ra to 50%.Diamond/graphene composite nanofluid exhibites balanced performances and reduces the main cutting force and surface roughness than that of palm oil in all three cutting modes,namely the speed-depth of cut direction elliptical ultrasonic vibration-assisted low-speed cutting,the speed-depth of cut direction elliptical ultrasonic vibration-assisted high-speed cutting and the speed-feed direction elliptical ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting.The maximum reductions of main cutting force and Ra were both larger than 20%.

关 键 词：超声振动 微量润滑 纳米流体 钛合金 车削加工 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]