钻孔卸压防冲技术研究进展及展望  

Research Progress and Prospects of Borehole Pressure Relief and Scour Prevention Technology

作　　者：樊春宇 许杰 李森林 Fan Chunyu;Xu Jie;Li Senlin(Jinjitan Coal Mine,Shaanxi Weilai Energy Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719000,China;China Coal Xi'an Design Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710016,China;Nuclear Industry Well Roadway Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西未来能源化工有限公司金鸡滩煤矿,陕西榆林719000 [2]中煤西安设计工程有限责任公司,陕西西安710016 [3]核工业井巷建设集团有限公司,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《山东煤炭科技》2025年第4期132-136,共5页Shandong Coal Science and Technology

摘　　要：从理论分析、室内试验、数值模拟和现场应用四个方面梳理了当前关于钻孔卸压研究的相关进展。基于宏观层面(包括力学响应、破坏特征)和微观层面(裂纹演化),总结当前钻孔卸压的相关室内试验和数值模拟研究,指出钻孔卸压的实质是相邻卸压孔间的裂纹萌生-扩展-贯通;从现场应用角度讨论钻孔卸压可极大降低围岩的冲击危险性,开展孔锚协同室内试验,当锚杆预紧力和孔锚间距处于一定范围时,组合体在保证强度和刚度的同时,可最大程度释放弹性能;对钻孔卸压防冲亟需研究的方向进行了展望,开展实时钻孔条件下孔锚组合岩体的相关室内试验研究,将卸压孔实时钻进引起围岩释能现象复现,以期揭示卸压锚固协同机制。研究成果可为未来钻孔卸压技术发展提供新思路。This article summarizes the current progress in research on borehole pressure relief from four aspects:theoretical analysis,indoor experiment,numerical simulation,and on-site application.Based on macro level(including mechanical response and failure characteristics)and micro level(crack evolution),summarize the current relevant indoor experiments and numerical simulation studies on borehole pressure relief,and point out that the essence of borehole pressure relief is the initiation-expansion-penetration of cracks between adjacent pressure relief holes;From the perspective of on-site application,it is discussed that borehole pressure relief can greatly reduce the impact risk of surrounding rock.Indoor tests of hole anchor collaborative are carried out.When the pre tension force of the anchor rod and the distance between the holes and anchors are within a certain range,the combination bodies can maximize the release of elastic performance while ensuring strength and stiffness;A prospect is made on the urgent research direction of borehole pressure relief and scour prevention,and relevant indoor experimental studies are carried out on the combination rock bodies of hole anchor under the real-time drilling condition.The phenomena of energy release in surrounding rock caused by real-time drilling of pressure relief holes are reproduced in order to reveal the collaborative mechanism of pressure relief and anchoring.The research results can provide new ideas for the development of borehole pressure relief technology in the future.

关 键 词：钻孔 卸压 进展 展望 

分 类 号：TD322.5[矿业工程—矿井建设]