高压细水雾抑制超宽断面海底沉管隧道火灾试验研究  

Experimental study on fire suppression in ultrawide subsea immersed tube tunnels using high-pressure water mist

作　　者：王子阳 吴鹏 吴军 石晓龙 林刚 纪杰[1] WANG Ziyang;WU Peng;WU Jun;SHI Xiaolong;LIN Gang;JI Jie(State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Hefei KDLian Safety Technology Co.,Ltd,230088 Hefei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230026 [2]合肥科大立安安全技术有限责任公司,合肥230088

出　　处：《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第4期697-706,共10页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

摘　　要：海底沉管隧道位置特殊、结构狭长,一旦发生火灾,火焰和烟气会迅速蔓延扩散,可能对隧道结构造成破坏。因此,超宽断面沉管隧道结构的防护是海底沉管隧道火灾防控的关键。为了研究高压细水雾对超宽断面海底沉管隧道火灾的降温效果,搭建了横截面比例为1∶1的试验模型。其中,隧道的内径宽度为18.0 m、高度为6.6 m,长度为25.0 m。选取汽油为燃料,开展了高压细水雾作用下超宽断面沉管隧道火灾燃烧试验,对其燃烧行为、隧道顶棚下方温度演变规律以及高压细水雾降温冷却效果进行了研究。试验结果表明,热释放速率分别为2.5、5.0和10.0 MW时,最大火焰高度分别可达到约4.5、6.0和6.6 m;未喷放高压细水雾时,隧道顶棚下方最高温度分别约为180、310和528℃;开启喷雾后,3种工况下的隧道顶棚下方温度均能够有效降低至300℃以下,有效降低了火灾对隧道结构的破坏。基于上述研究结果为海底沉管隧道的火灾防控及灭火救援策略提供了建议。[Objective]Given the confined and elongated configuration of ultrawide subsea immersed tube tunnels,fires can lead to a rapid spread of flames and smoke,posing a substantial threat to the structural integrity of the tunnel and the safety of personnel.Traditional fire protection designs are often not ideal for cooling and controlling fires in such environments.Therefore,developing effective fire prevention and control technologies specifically suited to subsea tube tunnels is of great practical importance for ensuring tunnel safety and facilitating personnel evacuation.The main objective of this study is to evaluate the fire suppression and cooling effects of high-pressure mist in subsea immersed tube tunnels.To simulate real-life conditions,a full-scale 1:1 experimental model of a subsea tunnel was constructed,with the width,height,and length being 18.0,6.6,and 25.0 m,respectively.This study aims to evaluate the combustion behavior,temperature distribution,and cooling efficiency of high-pressure water mist under different heat release rates.[Methods]Gasoline was used as the fuel source in experiments conducted at three heat release rates:2.5,5.0,and 10.0 MW.Key parameters,including the flame height,temperature variation curves,and the cooling effects of high-pressure water mist,were measured throughout the experiments.The experimental setup was designed to closely replicate real fire scenarios in subsea tunnels,ensuring accurate and reproducible results.During the experiments,high-precision temperature sensors and imaging devices were used to continuously record and analyze the temperature distribution and flame characteristics.[Results]The experimental results showed significant differences in the flame characteristics and temperature distribution across different heat release rates.For example,the maximum flame heights under 2.5,5.0,and 10.0 MW heat release rates were 4.5,6.0,and 6.6 m,respectively.Without high-pressure water mist for fire suppression,the highest ceiling temperatures reached 180℃,310℃,and 5

关 键 词：超宽断面隧道 火灾试验 高压细水雾 降温冷却 

分 类 号：X93[环境科学与工程—安全科学]