主动避让和紧急度对双向行人流影响的实验研究  

Experimental study of the influence of proactive avoidance and emergency degree on bidirectional pedestrian flow

作　　者：周郑 叶艳超 蒋慧灵 王远声 叶龙海[5] 黄国忠[1,2,3] 邓青 ZHOU Zheng;YE Yanchao;JIANG Huiling;WANG Yuansheng;YE Longhai;HUANG Guozhong;DENG Qing(Research Institute of Macro-Safety Science,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing,100083,China;School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Technical Support Center for Prevention and Control of Disastrous Accidents in Metal Smelting,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou,450045;Anyang Institute of Technology,Anyang,455099)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学大安全科学研究院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京科技大学金属冶炼重大事故防控技术支撑基地,北京100083 [4]华北水利水电大学郑州,450045 [5]安阳工学院,安阳455099

出　　处：《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第4期750-758,共9页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3009804);北京市自然科学基金面上项目(8242014,72274123);河南省人机环境与应急管理国际联合实验室2024年度开放课题(KFKT-001);河南省重点研发计划项目(221111321000);中央高校基本科研业务费青年教师学科交叉研究(FRF-IDRY-22-017)。

摘　　要：为了探究主动避让和紧急度对双向行人流的影响,该文通过搭建实验场景和招募被试进行疏散实验,分析了行人运动轨迹以及疏散过程中的典型行为、疏散时间和疏散速度。主动避让实验结果表明,主动避让行为可以有效减少行人冲突,逆向行人的疏散效率提升了11.75%,疏散速度提升了18.25%,分层现象会随着主动避让行为的出现而更加明显;与非紧急情况相比,紧急情况下人流量大的一方的疏散速度比人流量小的一方增加得更多。此外还观察到了超车、跟随和并排行为等,并且发现在逆行人员中,靠边界的行人疏散速度更快。该文实验结果对紧急情况下双向行人管理具有一定的指导意义,同时也为双向行人流的建模研究提供相关依据。[Objective]With the increase in emergency incidents,research on pedestrian dynamics has received widespread attention.Bidirectional pedestrian flow has been identified as a major factor in numerous global disasters over the past few decades.Conflicts can arise between individuals moving in opposite directions.Additionally,under different emergency conditions,evacuation behavior can vary significantly.This study primarily examines the impact of proactive avoidance and urgency on bidirectional pedestrian flow.[Methods]Experiments were conducted by establishing an outdoor experimental setup and recruiting participants.A controlled variable method was used to design 17 experimental trials to investigate the movement of bidirectional pedestrian flow under different levels of urgency and the presence of proactive avoidance behavior.Variations in urgency and proactive avoidance were implemented through a monetary reward and penalty mechanism.Pixel coordinates were first recorded using the Tracker software and then converted into real-world coordinates using direct linear transformation.The analysis focused on the evacuation speed,evacuation time,movement trajectories of the evacuees,maximum offset during the evacuation process,and behavior exhibited throughout the evacuation.Moreover,variance analysis was conducted to assess the stability of the experimental conditions and the validity of the experiments.Finally,a questionnaire was administered to collect some basic parameters of the participants,such as height,weight,and age.Furthermore,information on whether the participants experienced feelings of anxiety during the experiment and their perspectives on whether the provision of additional rewards influenced their sense of urgency was obtained.[Results]Common phenomena observed during the evacuation process included overtaking,following,and side-by-side behavior.An innovative behavior termed boundary flow acceleration was identified,where individuals moving against the flow exhibited significantly higher walking speeds

关 键 词：疏散实验 双向行人流 主动避让行为 紧急度 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]