低气压环境典型民机舱内壁板材料燃烧速率研究  

Research on the combustion rate of typical civil aircraft cabin interior wall materials at low ambient pressures

作　　者：贾旭宏 张晓宇[1] 代尚沛 田威 丁思婕 汤婧 朱新华 JIA Xuhong;ZHANG Xiaoyu;DAI Shangpei;TIAN Wei;DING Sijie;TANG Jing;ZHU Xinhua(College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,China;Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,China;Sichuan Key Technology Engineering Research Center for All-Electric Navigable Aircraft,Guanghan,618307,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院民航安全工程学院,广汉618307 [2]中国民用航空飞行学院民机火灾科学与安全工程四川省重点实验室,广汉618307 [3]四川省全电通航飞行器关键技术工程研究中心,广汉618307

出　　处：《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第4期795-804,共10页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：民机火灾科学与安全工程四川省重点实验室揭榜挂帅项目(MZ2023JB01);四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2022NSFSC0302);民航局安全能力建设项目(MHAQ2023030)。

摘　　要：在低气压环境下进行的航空运输可能发生难以预测的火灾事故。该文在中国四川省广汉市(大气压为96 kPa)和康定市(大气压为61 kPa)分别开展了飞机内饰壁板材料低气压火灾行为研究。针对2种飞机内饰壁板材料(玻璃纤维/酚醛树脂夹层板、玻璃纤维/酚醛树脂层压板),修正其受压力影响的燃烧速率模型并研究气压对其产热特性、火焰形状和耐烧穿性能的影响。得出了2种材料的燃烧速率与气压的相关关系式以及基于火灾基底尺寸的燃烧速率压力模型。发现了低气压环境比常压环境下,玻璃纤维/酚醛树脂夹芯板、玻璃纤维/酚醛树脂层压板的热释放速率峰值分别降低了40.97%和43.85%,热释放总量分别降低了14.20%和24.71%,火焰高度分别降低了10.9%和11.6%。此外,对2种材料的耐烧穿性能研究发现,低气压下夹芯板材料更加耐烧,而层压板材料的耐烧穿性能几乎不受气压影响。[Objective]In aviation transportation,which is characterized by low-pressure environments,aircraft fires pose an unpredictable threat.The interior wall materials of civil transport aircraft are predominantly composed of composite materials.The Federal Aviation Administration of the United States and the Civil Aviation Administration of China require experimental validation of their fire-resistant properties.This study aims to address the current research gap by investigating the development patterns of aircraft fires under low-pressure conditions.Specifically,this study examines the combustion rates of interior wall materials in civil aircraft in multiple-pressure environments.The goal is to detect and prevent aircraft fires under low-pressure conditions at the earliest opportunity.[Methods]This study investigates the sandwich structure panel material(Panel A)and the laminated panel material(Panel B)used in Airbus aircraft.Panel A comprises the upper and lower layers of resin-based substrates,an aramid honeycomb core intermediate layer,and an adhesive.Panel B is composed of resin-based glass fiber-reinforced laminate.The study is conducted using a low-pressure combustion chamber research facility in Guanghan,Sichuan(96 kPa),and Kangding,Sichuan(61 kPa).Combustion rates and flame phenomena of cabin wall panel materials are examined at 40,50,61,70,80,and 96 kPa pressure levels.A combustion rate model is applied to adjust the effect of pressure on the combustion rate of cabin wall panel materials.The heat release of the cabin wall panel materials is determined using a cone calorimeter,which enables the assessment of heat release in various pressure environments.Finally,following relevant regulations and standards,a fire penetration resistance test apparatus is constructed to investigate the fire penetration resistance characteristics of cabin wall panel materials under different pressure conditions.[Results]The relationship between the combustion rate and pressure for glass fiber/phenolic resin sandwich panels and g

关 键 词：低气压 飞机壁板 玻璃纤维/酚醛树脂 燃烧特性 

分 类 号：V258.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB332[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]